Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Chuzhou, 233100, People's Republic of China.
Parasitol Res. 2022 Oct;121(10):2841-2848. doi: 10.1007/s00436-022-07617-1. Epub 2022 Aug 8.
Tetratrichomonas gallinarum and Trichomonas gallinae can colonize the alimentary tract of domestic birds. However, little information is available on the epidemiology of the two trichomonad species in domestic free-range poultry in China. In this study, the occurrence and genetic characteristic of T. gallinarum and T. gallinae among free-range chickens, ducks, and geese in Anhui Province, China, were investigated. The 1910 fecal samples collected from 18 free-range poultry farms throughout Anhui Province were examined for the presence of T. gallinarum and T. gallinae by PCR and sequence analysis of the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene of T. gallinarum and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequence of T. gallinae. The overall occurrence of T. gallinarum in poultry was 1.2% (22/1910), with infection rates of 2.1% (17/829) in chickens, 0.2% (1/487) in ducks, and 0.7% (4/594) in geese. The constructed phylogeny tree using the concatenated ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region and SSU rRNA indicated the T. gallinarum isolates detected in this study were closely related to previously defined genogroups A, D, and E, respectively. Nine (0.5%) fecal samples were positive for T. gallinae, with infection rates of 0.8% (7/829) in chickens, 0.4% (2/487) in ducks, and 0% (0/594) in geese. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis showed that four T. gallinae ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequences obtained from chicken feces and one duck fecal sample belonged to genotype ITS-OBT-Tg-1. This is the first report of the prevalence and genetic characterization of T. gallinarum and T. gallinae in free-range chickens, ducks, and geese in China.
鸡四鞭毛虫和鸡泰勒虫可寄生于家禽的消化道。然而，关于中国散养家禽中这两种毛滴虫的流行病学信息却很少。本研究调查了安徽省散养鸡、鸭和鹅中鸡四鞭毛虫和鸡泰勒虫的发生情况及其遗传特征。从安徽省 18 个散养家禽场采集了 1910 份粪便样本，通过 PCR 和鸡四鞭毛虫小亚基（SSU）rRNA 基因和鸡泰勒虫 ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 序列的序列分析来检测 T. gallinarum 和 T. gallinae 的存在。家禽中 T. gallinarum 的总感染率为 1.2%（22/1910），其中鸡的感染率为 2.1%（17/829），鸭的感染率为 0.2%（1/487），鹅的感染率为 0.7%（4/594）。基于 ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 区和 SSU rRNA 联合构建的系统进化树表明，本研究中检测到的 T. gallinarum 分离株分别与先前定义的 A、D 和 E 基因群密切相关。9 份（0.5%）粪便样本检测到 T. gallinae，鸡的感染率为 0.8%（7/829），鸭的感染率为 0.4%（2/487），鹅的感染率为 0%（0/594）。序列和系统发育分析表明，从鸡粪便中获得的 4 个 T. gallinae ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 序列和 1 个鸭粪便样本属于基因型 ITS-OBT-Tg-1。这是中国散养鸡、鸭和鹅中 T. gallinarum 和 T. gallinae 的流行情况及其遗传特征的首次报道。
