Ong Ying Qian, Harith Sakinah, Shahril Mohd Razif, Shahidan Norshazila, Hapidin Hermizi
Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
Nutrition Program, Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
BMC Nutr. 2022 Aug 8;8(1):75. doi: 10.1186/s40795-022-00572-1.
Melon Manis Terengganu (MMT) peel has a high dietary fiber content, but there is no data examining its health benefits in adults at risk of type 2 diabetes. The objective of the study was to evaluate whether consumption of MMT peel powder improves glycemic response, satiety, and food intake in adults at risk of type 2 diabetes.
An open-label, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design trial was conducted among adults (n = 30, ages 18-59 y) at risk of type 2 diabetes. They consumed Formulation 3 (formulated MMT peel powder) [A] and control (glucose) [B] with study breakfast based on randomly assigned treatment sequences (AB, BA) established by Research Randomizer ( www.randomizer.org ). Capillary blood glucose and perceived satiety were determined at baseline (0 min), 30, 60, 90 and 120 min, followed by a post-intervention food intake measurement.
The repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant time (F = 84.37, p < 0.001, η = 0.744), condition (F = 22.89, p < 0.001, η = 0.441), and timecondition effects (F = 24.40, p < 0.001, η = 0.457) in blood glucose levels. Respondents (n = 30) who consumed Formulation 3 also had a significantly lower blood glucose 2-hour incremental area under the curve (iAUC) of 134.65 ± 44.51 mmol/Lmin and maximum concentration (CMax) of 7.20 (7.10, 8.20) mmol/L with relative reduction of 26.8 and 13.3% respectively, when compared with control (p < 0.001). Besides, significantly greater perceived satiety, lower energy and fat intake as well as higher dietary fiber intake were also observed in the intervention group compared with the placebo group (p < 0.05). There were no marked side effects associated with the ingestion of the test products.
Short-term consumption of formulated MMT peel powder may improve glycemic response, increase perceived satiety and reduce food intake in adults at risk of type 2 diabetes with the potential to be utilized as a functional beverage. Medium-to long-term clinical trial is warranted to determine whether taking this formulated MMT peel powder on a daily basis has an influence on health outcomes.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05298111. Registered 28/03/2022.
登嘉楼香瓜（MMT）果皮富含膳食纤维，但尚无数据研究其对有2型糖尿病风险的成年人的健康益处。本研究的目的是评估食用MMT果皮粉是否能改善有2型糖尿病风险的成年人的血糖反应、饱腹感和食物摄入量。
在有2型糖尿病风险的成年人（n = 30，年龄18 - 59岁）中进行了一项开放标签、随机、安慰剂对照、交叉设计试验。他们根据Research Randomizer（www.randomizer.org）确定的随机分配治疗顺序（AB、BA），在研究早餐中食用配方3（配方MMT果皮粉）[A]和对照（葡萄糖）[B]。在基线（0分钟）、30、60、90和120分钟时测定毛细血管血糖和饱腹感，随后进行干预后食物摄入量测量。
重复测量方差分析（ANOVA）显示血糖水平存在显著的时间效应（F = 84.37，p < 0.001，η = 0.744）、条件效应（F = 22.89，p < 0.001，η = 0.441）和时间条件效应（F = 24.40，p < 0.001，η = 0.457）。与对照组相比，食用配方3的受试者（n = 30）的血糖2小时曲线下增量面积（iAUC）显著降低，为134.65 ± 44.51 mmol/Lmin，最大浓度（Cmax）为7.20（7.10，8.20）mmol/L，相对降低分别为26.8%和13.3%（p < 0.001）。此外，与安慰剂组相比，干预组的饱腹感明显更强，能量和脂肪摄入量更低，膳食纤维摄入量更高（p < 0.05）。摄入受试产品未观察到明显副作用。
短期食用配方MMT果皮粉可能改善有2型糖尿病风险的成年人的血糖反应，增加饱腹感并减少食物摄入量，有潜力用作功能性饮料。有必要进行中长期临床试验以确定每日服用这种配方MMT果皮粉是否对健康结果有影响。
ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT05298111。于2022年3月28日注册。
