Pires Renata Chácara, Martins Haysla Xavier, Barbosa Míriam, Molina Maria Del Carmen Bisi
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Programa de Pós-Graduação Nutrição e Saúde, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
Rev Paul Pediatr. 2025 Jan 17;43:e2024105. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/2025/43/2024105. eCollection 2025.
To assess the association between the combination of corporal adiposity (CA) and cardiorespiratory physical fitness (CRF) with cardiometabolic risk factors in children aged 7-10 years.
Cross-sectional observational study with a sample of 251 children registered in Family Health Units. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, biochemical, blood pressure, and CRF data were collected. Cardiometabolic risk factors assessed: total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, triglycerides (TG), fasting glucose and blood pressure. CRF was assessed by the 6-minute run/walk test and classified into: "physically unfit" and "physically fit". Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index (BMI)/age and categorized into CA groups: "no excess weight [≤ z-score+1]" and "excess weight [> z-score+1]". CRF and CA were combined, and the children were classified as "no excess weight + physically fit", "no excess weight + physically unfit", "excess weight + physically fit" and "excess weight + physically unfit". Bivariate analyses were performed, and Poisson regression models were tested. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 software was used, adopting p<0.05.
Around 65% of the children had low CRF and 59% had excess weight (overweight+obesity). After adjustment, there was a greater occurrence of having altered HDL-c, TG and presence of ≥ 3 grouped cardiometabolic factors among those who had excess weight + physically unfit.
The prevalence of altered HDL and TG and of ≥3 grouped cardiometabolic risk factors was significantly higher among children who had excess weight and were physically unfit.
评估7至10岁儿童的体脂率（CA）与心肺适能（CRF）的组合与心血管代谢危险因素之间的关联。
对在家庭健康单位登记的251名儿童进行横断面观察研究。收集社会人口统计学、生活方式、人体测量学、生化、血压和CRF数据。评估的心血管代谢危险因素包括：总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）、甘油三酯（TG）、空腹血糖和血压。通过6分钟跑/走试验评估CRF，并将其分为：“身体不健康”和“身体健康”。通过体重指数（BMI）/年龄评估营养状况，并将其分为CA组：“无超重[≤z评分+1]”和“超重[>z评分+1]”。将CRF和CA进行组合，将儿童分为“无超重+身体健康”、“无超重+身体不健康”、“超重+身体健康”和“超重+身体不健康”。进行双变量分析，并测试泊松回归模型。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）21.0版软件，采用p<0.05。
约65%的儿童CRF较低，59%的儿童超重（超重+肥胖）。调整后，超重且身体不健康的儿童中，HDL-c、TG改变以及存在≥3种组合心血管代谢因素的情况更为常见。
超重且身体不健康的儿童中，HDL和TG改变以及≥3种组合心血管代谢危险因素的患病率显著更高。
