Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Crit Rev Microbiol. 2023 Sep;49(5):611-627. doi: 10.1080/1040841X.2022.2109405. Epub 2022 Aug 10.
Nissle 1917 (EcN), the active component of Mutaflor, is a notable probiotic from Gram-negative to treat Crohn's disease and irritable bowel syndrome. Therefore, a comprehensive genomic database maximizes the systemic probiotic assessment to discover EcN's role in human health. Recently, advanced synthetic and genetic tools have opened up a rich area to execute EcN as "living medicines" with controllable functions. Incorporating unique biomarkers allows the engineered EcN to switch genes on and off in response to environmental cues. Since EcN holds promise as a safe nature vehicle, more studies are desired to fully realize a wide range of probiotic potential for disease treatment. This review aims to deliver a historical origin of EcN, discuss the recent promising genetic toolbox in the rational design of probiotics, and pinpoint the clinical translation and evaluation of engineered EcN and . The summary of safety concerns, strategies of biotherapeutics development, and the challenges and prospects of engineered EcN is also concluded.
尼森 1917（EcN）是Mutaflor 的活性成分，是一种革兰氏阴性益生菌，用于治疗克罗恩病和肠易激综合征。因此，全面的基因组数据库可最大限度地提高系统益生菌评估，以发现 EcN 在人类健康中的作用。最近，先进的合成和遗传工具为执行 EcN 作为“活药物”并具有可控功能开辟了广阔的领域。将独特的生物标志物纳入其中，可使工程 EcN 能够根据环境线索打开和关闭基因。由于 EcN 有望成为一种安全的天然载体，因此需要开展更多的研究，以充分实现益生菌在疾病治疗方面的广泛潜力。本综述旨在介绍 EcN 的历史起源，讨论益生菌合理设计中最近有前途的遗传工具包，并指出工程 EcN 的临床转化和评估。还总结了安全性关注、生物治疗开发策略以及工程 EcN 的挑战和前景。
