Ganguli Sumon, Howlader Sabbir, Dey Kamol, Barua Suman, Islam Md Nazrul, Aquib Tahmidul Islam, Partho Prosenjit Biswas, Chakraborty Rivu Raj, Barua Bidduth, Hawlader Mohammad Delwer Hossain, Biswas Paritosh Kumar
Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chattogram-4331, Bangladesh.
School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia.
Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2022 Jul-Aug;16(4):30-45.
We aimed at the identification of the association of comorbidities with the COVID-19 severity and hospitalization.
It is a retrospective cross-sectional study to investigate the variation in age, sex, dwelling, comorbidities, and medication with the COVID-19 severity and hospitalization by enrolling 1025 recovered individuals while comparing their time of recovery with or without comorbidities.
COVID-19 patients mostly suffered from fever. The predominant underlying medical conditions in them were hypertension (HTN) followed by diabetes mellitus (DM). Patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) (54.3%) and hepatic disorders (HD) (43.6%) experienced higher severity. The risk of symptomatic cases was higher in aged (odds ratio, OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.02-1.06) and comorbid (OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.34-2.60) patients. T-test confirmed the differences between the comorbid and non-comorbid patients' recovery duration. The presence of multiple comorbidities increased the time of recovery (15-27 days) and hospitalization (20-40%). Increased symptomatic cases were found for patients having DM+HTN whereas CVD+Asthma patients were found with higher percentage of severity. Besides, DM+CKD (chronic kidney disease) was associated with higher hospitalization rate. Higher odds of severity were found for DM+CVD (OR = 4.42, 95% CI = 1.81-10.78) patients. Hospitalization risk was also increased for them (OR = 5.14, 95% CI = 2.02-13.07). Moreover, if they had HTN along with DM+CVD, they were found with even higher odds (OR = 6.82, 95% CI = 2.37-19.58) for hospitalization.
Our study indicates that people who are aged, females, living in urban area and have comorbid conditions are at a higher risk for developing COVID-19 severity. Clinicians and health management authorities should prioritize these high-risk groups to reduce mortality attributed to the disease.
我们旨在确定合并症与新冠病毒病严重程度及住院情况之间的关联。
这是一项回顾性横断面研究，通过纳入1025名康复个体，比较有无合并症者的康复时间，来调查年龄、性别、居住地、合并症及用药情况与新冠病毒病严重程度及住院情况的差异。
新冠病毒病患者大多有发热症状。他们最主要的基础疾病是高血压（HTN），其次是糖尿病（DM）。患有心血管疾病（CVD）（54.3%）和肝脏疾病（HD）（43.6%）的患者病情更严重。老年患者（优势比，OR = 1.04，95%置信区间 = 1.02 - 1.06）和合并症患者（OR = 1.87，95%置信区间 = 1.34 - 2.60）出现症状性病例的风险更高。t检验证实了合并症患者与非合并症患者康复时间的差异。多种合并症的存在会延长康复时间（15 - 27天）并增加住院率（20 - 40%）。糖尿病合并高血压患者出现症状性病例增多，而心血管疾病合并哮喘患者病情严重程度更高。此外，糖尿病合并慢性肾脏病（CKD）与更高的住院率相关。糖尿病合并心血管疾病患者病情严重的优势比更高（OR = 4.42，95%置信区间 = 1.81 - 10.78）。他们的住院风险也增加（OR = 5.14，95%置信区间 = 2.02 - 13.07）。此外，如果他们同时患有高血压以及糖尿病合并心血管疾病，其住院优势比更高（OR = 6.82，95%置信区间 = 2.37 - 19.58）。
我们的研究表明，年龄较大、女性、居住在城市且有合并症的人群患新冠病毒病重症的风险更高。临床医生和卫生管理部门应优先关注这些高危人群，以降低该疾病导致的死亡率。
