Nyman G
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1987 Aug;26(8):398-404. doi: 10.1177/000992288702600804.
The role of infant temperament in predicting the incidence of hospitalization and accidents of children under the age of 5 was studied in a prospective follow-up study. Temperament type and profile was originally measured for 1,855 infants (6 to 8 months of age). We obtained data for 270 who had later been hospitalized because of accidents or illnesses. Of these, the temperament of 35 who had suffered a contusion, poisoning, burns, or other accidents were more closely analyzed. The results show that a disproportionate number of all hospitalized children had earlier been characterized as "difficult" in their temperament. This was typical, however, for both the accident group and other hospitalized children. The hospitalized children had a significantly more negative mood and higher intensity of responses to normal everyday life situations. The accident group differed from other hospitalized children in being mainly more persistent but also showed a tendency to higher activity level and negative reactions to new situations. The results do not support a straightforward hypothesis of an early accident prone temperament but point out the significance of temperament in the processes of hospitalization and accidents.
在一项前瞻性随访研究中，对婴儿气质在预测5岁以下儿童住院率和事故发生率方面的作用进行了研究。最初对1855名6至8个月大的婴儿进行了气质类型和特征测量。我们获得了270名后来因事故或疾病住院儿童的数据。其中，对35名遭受挫伤、中毒、烧伤或其他事故儿童的气质进行了更深入分析。结果显示，所有住院儿童中，气质被归类为“难养型”的比例过高。不过，这在事故组和其他住院儿童中都很典型。住院儿童情绪明显更消极，对正常日常生活情境的反应强度更高。事故组与其他住院儿童的不同之处在于，主要表现为更有坚持性，但也表现出活动水平较高以及对新情况有消极反应的倾向。研究结果并不支持早期事故易发性气质的简单假设，但指出了气质在住院和事故过程中的重要性。
