Physical Activity and Health Research Group ('PaHerg'), Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain.
Cardiovascular Performance Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Compr Physiol. 2022 Aug 11;12(4):4067-4085. doi: 10.1002/cphy.c210045.
Although the benefits of regular physical activity on cardiovascular health are well established, the effects of strenuous endurance exercise (SEE) have been a matter of debate since ancient times. In this article, we aim to provide a balanced overview of what is known about SEE and the heart-from epidemiological evidence to recent cardiac imaging findings. Lifelong SEE is overall cardioprotective, with endurance master athletes showing in fact a youthful heart. Yet, some lines of research remain open, such as the need to elucidate the time-course and potential relevance of transient declines in heart function (or increases in biomarkers of cardiac injury) with SEE. The underlying mechanisms and clinical relevance of SEE-associated atrial fibrillation, myocardial fibrosis, or high coronary artery calcium scores also remain to be elucidated. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:1-19, 2022.
虽然有规律的身体活动对心血管健康的益处已得到充分证实，但剧烈耐力运动（SEE）的影响自古以来一直存在争议。在本文中，我们旨在提供一个平衡的概述，说明已知的关于 SEE 和心脏的情况 - 从流行病学证据到最近的心脏成像发现。终身进行 SEE 总体上具有心脏保护作用，耐力大师运动员的心脏实际上更年轻。然而，一些研究领域仍然存在，例如需要阐明与 SEE 相关的心脏功能短暂下降（或心脏损伤生物标志物增加）的时间过程和潜在相关性。与 SEE 相关的心房颤动、心肌纤维化或高冠状动脉钙评分的潜在机制和临床相关性仍有待阐明。2022 年美国生理学会。综合生理学 12:1-19, 2022.
