Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
Br J Sports Med. 2012 Nov;46 Suppl 1:i29-36. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091141.
The impact of endurance exercise training on the heart has received significant research and clinical attention for well over a century. Despite this, many issues remain controversial and clinical interpretation can be complex of biomarkers of cardiomyocyte insult. This review assesses the current state of knowledge related to two areas of research where problems with clinical decision making may arise: (1) the impact of chronic endurance exercise training on cardiac structure, function and electrical activity to the point where the athletic heart phenotype may be similar to the expression of some cardiac pathologies (a diagnostic dilemma referred to as the 'grey-zone') and (2) the impact of acute bouts of prolonged exercise on cardiac function and the presentation of biomarkers and cardiomyocyte insult in the circulatory system. The combination of acute endurance exercise stress on the heart and prolonged periods of training are considered together in the final section.
耐力运动训练对心脏的影响在一个多世纪以来受到了广泛的研究和临床关注。尽管如此，许多问题仍然存在争议，生物标志物对心肌损伤的临床解读可能很复杂。这篇综述评估了两个可能出现临床决策问题的研究领域的最新知识：（1）慢性耐力运动训练对心脏结构、功能和电活动的影响，以至于运动员心脏表型可能类似于某些心脏病理的表现（一种被称为“灰色地带”的诊断困境）；（2）急性长时间运动对心脏功能的影响以及循环系统中生物标志物和心肌损伤的表现。最后一部分综合考虑了急性耐力运动对心脏的应激和长时间训练的影响。
