Department of Entomology and Agrilife Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Trends Parasitol. 2022 Sep;38(9):791-804. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2022.05.012. Epub 2022 Jun 13.
Mosquitoes are vectors for a number of infectious diseases. Only females feed on blood to provision for their embryos and, in doing so, transmit pathogens to the associated vertebrate hosts. Therefore, sex is an important phenotype in the context of genetic control programs, both for sex separation in the rearing facilities to avoid releasing biting females and for ways to distort the sex ratio towards nonbiting males. We review recent progress in the fundamental knowledge of sex determination and sex chromosomes in mosquitoes and discuss new methods to achieve sex separation and sex ratio distortion to help control mosquito-borne infectious diseases. We conclude by suggesting a few critical areas for future research.
蚊子是许多传染病的传播媒介。只有雌性蚊子以血液为食，为其胚胎提供营养，并在这个过程中将病原体传播给相关的脊椎动物宿主。因此，在遗传控制项目中，性别是一个重要的表型，无论是在饲养设施中进行性别分离以避免释放叮咬雌性蚊子，还是采用方法使性别比例偏向于不叮咬的雄性蚊子。我们回顾了蚊子性别决定和性染色体的基础研究的最新进展，并讨论了实现性别分离和性别比例扭曲的新方法，以帮助控制蚊媒传染病。最后，我们提出了未来研究的几个关键领域。
