Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, School of Nursing, Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Sant Benito Menni, 18-20, 08830 Sant Boi del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Research Group on Inclusive Societies, Politics, and Communities, Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya, Masia Torre dels Frares, Carrer Perot Rocaguinarda, 17, 08500 Vic, Barcelona, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 4;19(15):9617. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159617.
This article provides an updated picture of the enormous consequences that the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (March-June 2020) had for older adults living in Spanish care homes. It aims to describe the regional variation in deaths among home care residents through a methodological triangulation of descriptive quantitative, ecological and documentary analysis. Figures of five different indicators of care home mortality are provided and some factors related to higher mortality rates are presented and analysed in the descriptive ecological analysis in order to depict trends and, in a linear regression, to determine their statistical significance. The clearest trend reflected by the data is that the higher the cumulative incidence and the number of care home beds in the surrounding area, the higher the COVID-19 care home mortality. We argue that the pandemic has brought to light the historical fragility and underdevelopment of the Spanish LTC sector, and that these factors have exacerbated the consequences of the pandemic. Finally, we conclude that publicly available and disaggregated data would allow a deeper and more accurate analysis of potentially explanatory factors such as the type of care home ownership and management, and that further qualitative research would shed more light on people's experiences.
本文提供了一幅更新的画面，展示了 COVID-19 大流行（2020 年 3 月至 6 月）对居住在西班牙养老院的老年人产生的巨大影响。它旨在通过描述性定量、生态和文献分析的方法三角测量，描述居家护理居民死亡的区域差异。提供了五个不同的养老院死亡率指标的数字，并在描述性生态分析中介绍和分析了一些与更高死亡率相关的因素，以描绘趋势，并在线性回归中确定其统计学意义。数据反映出的最明显的趋势是，周边地区的累积发病率和养老院床位数量越高，COVID-19 养老院死亡率就越高。我们认为，大流行暴露了西班牙长期护理部门历史上的脆弱性和欠发达，这些因素加剧了大流行的后果。最后，我们得出结论，公开和分类的数据将允许对潜在解释因素（如养老院所有权和管理类型）进行更深入和更准确的分析，而进一步的定性研究将更清楚地了解人们的经验。
