IMaR Research Centre, Munster Technological University, V92 CX88 Tralee, Ireland.
CONFIRM Research Centre, Unit 2 Park Point, Dublin Road, Castletroy, V94 C928 Limerick, Ireland.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Aug 4;22(15):5836. doi: 10.3390/s22155836.
The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is bringing evolution with remote monitoring, intelligent analytics, and control of industrial processes. However, as the industrial world is currently in its initial stage of adopting full-stack development solutions with IIoT, there is a need to address the arising challenges. In this regard, researchers have proposed IIoT architectures based on different architectural layers and emerging technologies for the end-to-end integration of IIoT systems. In this paper, we review and compare three widely accepted IIoT reference architectures and present a state-of-the-art review of conceptual and experimental IIoT architectures from the literature. We identified scalability, interoperability, security, privacy, reliability, and low latency as the main IIoT architectural requirements and detailed how the current architectures address these challenges by using emerging technologies such as edge/fog computing, blockchain, SDN, 5G, Machine Learning, and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Finally, we discuss the relation between the current challenges and emergent technologies and present some opportunities and directions for future research work.
工业物联网（IIoT）正在通过远程监控、智能分析和工业流程控制带来变革。然而，由于工业界目前正处于采用全栈开发解决方案与 IIoT 的初始阶段，因此需要解决新出现的挑战。在这方面，研究人员已经基于不同的架构层和新兴技术为 IIoT 系统的端到端集成提出了 IIoT 架构。在本文中，我们回顾和比较了三种广泛接受的 IIoT 参考架构，并从文献中对概念和实验性的 IIoT 架构进行了综述。我们确定了可扩展性、互操作性、安全性、隐私性、可靠性和低延迟作为 IIoT 架构的主要要求，并详细说明了当前架构如何通过使用新兴技术（如边缘/雾计算、区块链、SDN、5G、机器学习和无线传感器网络（WSN））来应对这些挑战。最后，我们讨论了当前挑战和新兴技术之间的关系，并提出了一些未来研究工作的机会和方向。
