Ramirez Jessica L, Hampton Amy, Du Xiaofen
Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences Texas Woman's University Denton Texas USA.
Food Sci Nutr. 2022 Mar 29;10(8):2516-2531. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.2857. eCollection 2022 Aug.
Consumer perspective of refreshing perception is underexplored, despite it being an emotional attribute to describe foods, beverages, hygiene products, and household items. An online survey ( = 1518) was designed to collect consumer insight into the importance of refreshing, the definition and factors related to it, and the identification of refreshing fruits, vegetables, and drinks. Nearly all participants (99.8%) cited that they have had the need to consume a food or beverage to feel refreshed, and 76.3% cited that they need this at least once per day. The factors most associated with refreshing were thirst-quenching (84.1%), temperature (86.2%), and cooling taste (86.0%). Water (86.6%), watermelons (80.8%), and cucumbers (83.5%) were the beverages/foods most frequently specified as refreshing. A second survey ( = 1050) examined refreshing perception specifically related to beer consumption and associated flavor. Beer was rated highly refreshing by 75.5% of participants, affirming its refreshing reputation. Refreshing perceived from beer was most associated with cool temperature (95.4%), flavor of the beer (88.6%), lightened mood (87.1%), and thirst-quenching (49.0%). Beers with crisp/clean flavors (87.3%) and citrus flavors (35.7%-51.7%) were most frequently specified as refreshing. There were no gender differences in the definition of refreshing and associated thirst-quenching and cold, although age differences in defining beer refreshing were significant ( ≤ .05). There were significant gender and age differences in types of refreshing vegetables, soft drinks, beer flavors, and varieties. The study provided consumer insight into refreshing perception and the gained knowledge could be used in new product design.
尽管清爽感是描述食品、饮料、卫生用品和家居用品的一种情感属性，但消费者对清爽感的认知却未得到充分探索。我们设计了一项在线调查（n = 1518），以收集消费者对清爽感的重要性、其定义和相关因素，以及清爽水果、蔬菜和饮料识别的见解。几乎所有参与者（99.8%）表示他们有通过食用食物或饮料来感到清爽的需求，76.3%的人表示他们每天至少有一次这样的需求。与清爽感最相关的因素是解渴（84.1%）、温度（86.2%）和清凉口感（86.0%）。水（86.6%）、西瓜（80.8%）和黄瓜（83.5%）是最常被认为具有清爽感的饮料/食物。第二项调查（n = 1050）专门研究了与啤酒消费及相关风味有关的清爽感认知。75.5%的参与者认为啤酒非常清爽，证实了其清爽的声誉。从啤酒中感受到的清爽感与凉爽的温度（95.4%）、啤酒的风味（88.6%）、心情轻松（87.1%）和解渴（49.0%）最为相关。具有清爽/纯净风味（87.3%）和柑橘风味（35.7%-51.7%）的啤酒最常被认为具有清爽感。在清爽感的定义以及相关的解渴和清凉方面，不存在性别差异，尽管在定义啤酒的清爽感方面存在显著的年龄差异（p≤.05）。在清爽蔬菜、软饮料、啤酒风味和品种类型方面存在显著的性别和年龄差异。该研究为消费者对清爽感的认知提供了见解，所获得的知识可用于新产品设计。
