免疫组织化学生物标志物在预测口腔扁平苔藓恶性转化中的意义：系统评价。
Significance of immunohistochemistry biomarkers in prediction of malignant transformation of oral lichen planus: A systematic review.
机构信息
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology AmsterdamUMC-location VUmc/Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
出版信息
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2022 Sep 1;27(5):e480-e488. doi: 10.4317/medoral.25491.
BACKGROUND
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with increased risk for malignant transformation. Biomarker validation is a pivotal step in moving newly discovered biomarkers towards clinical implementation. We performed a systematic review of studies on biomarkers related to OLP, wherein biomarkers have been described in at least two independent studies. Our aim was to determine whether any of these biomarkers might be promising in predicting the increased risk of malignant transformation of OLP.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
We searched the following databases until August 2021: PUBMED, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Due to high heterogeneity, a qualitative rather than quantitative assessment was conducted. Only proteins that consistently showed a significantly high level of expression in neoplastic tissues versus OLP in two or more publications were considered as promising markers.
RESULTS
Initial database researches identified 1671, of which 24 articles were included in the final analysis. The most frequently reported proteins were p53, Bcl-2 and Ki-67, though there were controversies. PCNA and P21 were the only proteins that showed consistent evidence of clinical usefulness as cancer predictors to be considered as promising markers. Extensive methodological variations in the evaluation of expressions and statistical analyses of the included markers were observed, which hampered comparisons of the results.
CONCLUSIONS
Multiple levels of heterogeneity with a scarcity of high-quality studies were identified. PCNA and P21 were identified as promising predictive markers for evaluating the risk of malignant transformation of OLP, but they require further validation. The focus of future research on validation of predictive biomarkers of OLP should be considered as a high priority because it will accelerate the introduction of newly discovered markers into the clinical setting.
背景
口腔扁平苔藓（OLP）是一种慢性炎症性疾病，恶性转化风险增加。生物标志物验证是将新发现的生物标志物推向临床应用的关键步骤。我们对与 OLP 相关的生物标志物进行了系统评价研究，其中生物标志物在至少两项独立研究中进行了描述。我们的目的是确定这些生物标志物中是否有任何一种具有预测 OLP 恶性转化风险增加的潜力。
材料和方法
我们搜索了以下数据库，直到 2021 年 8 月：PubMed、EMBASE 和 Web of Science。由于高度异质性，我们进行了定性而非定量评估。只有在两个或更多出版物中一致显示肿瘤组织中表达水平明显高于 OLP 的蛋白质才被认为是有前途的标志物。
结果
最初的数据库研究确定了 1671 个，其中 24 个文章被纳入最终分析。报告最多的蛋白质是 p53、Bcl-2 和 Ki-67，但存在争议。PCNA 和 P21 是唯一显示出作为癌症预测标志物具有临床有用性的一致证据的蛋白质，可以被认为是有前途的标志物。在评估所纳入标志物的表达和统计分析方面，存在广泛的方法学差异，这阻碍了结果的比较。
结论
鉴定出多个水平的异质性和高质量研究的稀缺性。PCNA 和 P21 被确定为评估 OLP 恶性转化风险的有前途的预测标志物，但需要进一步验证。未来对 OLP 预测生物标志物验证的研究重点应被视为重中之重，因为这将加速新发现的标志物引入临床环境。
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