Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
Health and Care, Artevelde University College, Ghent, Belgium.
BMJ Open. 2022 Aug 17;12(8):e061736. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061736.
Meaningful activities (MA) have a positive impact on identity, well-being, participation and inclusion. Although people with intellectual disabilities (PID) depend on their direct support professionals (DSPs) to engage in MA, the DSPs need support which could enable them to offer more qualitative care and support.
To identify DSPs' needs, and to develop a tool/service, an innovative and iterative approach is developed, based on the human-centred design (HCD) process, combined with traditional qualitative and quantitative research methods. In the inspiration phase (needs analysis), in-depth interviews will be conducted in two day care centres in Flanders using an interpretative phenomenological analyses, one with a supply-driven approach and the other with a demand-driven approach, followed by a survey sent to all Flemish day care centres. In the ideation phase, the insights of phase 1 will guide a cocreation process (comprising a World Cafe, brainstorm and prototype sessions) with the DSPs, PID and other stakeholders. In the implementation phase, the solution will be tested in the two day care centres from phase 1 by means of living labs and a realist evaluation. By adopting this protocol, the functionality, quality, usability and acceptance are expected to increase. This protocol adopts all phases of the HCD process and shows the complementarity of HCD with traditional research methods. PID and the DSPs will benefit as the end result is truly grounded in their specific needs and wishes.
Ethical approval by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Ghent, Belgium (reference numbers: B670202042983 and PA2021-091). All participants will sign informed consent forms. Results of this study will be submitted for publication in relevant peer-reviewed journals and will be presented at relevant conferences.
有意义的活动（MA）对身份认同、幸福感、参与和包容有积极影响。尽管智障人士（PID）依赖他们的直接支持专业人员（DSP）参与 MA，但 DSP 需要支持，这可以使他们提供更有质量的护理和支持。
为了确定 DSP 的需求，并开发一种工具/服务，将采用一种创新和迭代的方法，基于以人为中心的设计（HCD）过程，结合传统的定性和定量研究方法。在灵感阶段（需求分析），将在佛兰德斯的两个日托中心使用解释性现象学分析进行深入访谈，一个采用供应驱动方法，另一个采用需求驱动方法，然后向所有佛兰德斯日托中心发送调查。在创意阶段，第 1 阶段的见解将指导与 DSP、PID 和其他利益相关者一起进行共创过程（包括世界咖啡馆、头脑风暴和原型会议）。在实施阶段，将通过生活实验室和现实主义评估在第 1 阶段的两个日托中心测试解决方案。通过采用本方案，预计功能、质量、可用性和可接受性将提高。本方案采用了 HCD 过程的所有阶段，并展示了 HCD 与传统研究方法的互补性。PID 和 DSP 将受益，因为最终结果真正基于他们的特定需求和愿望。
比利时根特大学医院伦理委员会已批准此项研究（参考编号：B670202042983 和 PA2021-091）。所有参与者将签署知情同意书。本研究的结果将提交给相关的同行评审期刊发表，并将在相关会议上展示。
