大气污染与西班牙成年人的甲状腺功能。一项基于全国人口的研究（Di@bet.es 研究）。
Ambient air pollution and thyroid function in Spanish adults. A nationwide population-based study (Di@bet.es study).
机构信息
Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga/Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomedica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain.
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
出版信息
Environ Health. 2022 Aug 17;21(1):76. doi: 10.1186/s12940-022-00889-1.
BACKGROUND
Recent reports have suggested that air pollution may impact thyroid function, although the evidence is still scarce and inconclusive. In this study we evaluated the association of exposure to air pollutants to thyroid function parameters in a nationwide sample representative of the adult population of Spain.
METHODS
The Di@bet.es study is a national, cross-sectional, population-based survey which was conducted in 2008-2010 using a random cluster sampling of the Spanish population. The present analyses included 3859 individuals, without a previous thyroid disease diagnosis, and with negative thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO Abs) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels of 0.1-20 mIU/L. Participants were assigned air pollution concentrations for particulate matter <2.5μm (PM) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO), corresponding to the health examination year, obtained by means of modeling combined with measurements taken at air quality stations (CHIMERE chemistry-transport model). TSH, free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and TPO Abs concentrations were analyzed using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (Modular Analytics E170 Roche).
RESULTS
In multivariate linear regression models, there was a highly significant negative correlation between PM concentrations and both FT4 (p<0.001), and FT3 levels (p<0.001). In multivariate logistic regression, there was a significant association between PM concentrations and the odds of presenting high TSH [OR 1.24 (1.01-1.52) p=0.043], lower FT4 [OR 1.25 (1.02-1.54) p=0.032] and low FT3 levels [1.48 (1.19-1.84) p=<0.001] per each IQR increase in PM (4.86 μg/m). There was no association between NO concentrations and thyroid hormone levels. No significant heterogeneity was seen in the results between groups of men, pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women.
CONCLUSIONS
Exposures to PM in the general population were associated with mild alterations in thyroid function.
背景
最近的报告表明，空气污染可能会影响甲状腺功能，尽管证据仍然不足且尚无定论。在这项研究中，我们评估了在西班牙成年人群体的全国代表性样本中，接触空气污染物与甲状腺功能参数之间的关联。
方法
Di@bet.es 研究是一项全国性、横断面、基于人群的调查，于 2008-2010 年使用西班牙人群的随机聚类抽样进行。本分析包括 3859 名无甲状腺疾病既往史且甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体 (TPO Abs) 和促甲状腺激素 (TSH) 水平为 0.1-20 mIU/L 的个体。根据健康检查年度，将参与者分配到空气污染物浓度<2.5μm（PM）和二氧化氮（NO），浓度通过结合空气质量站测量值进行建模（CHIMERE 化学-运输模型）获得。使用电化学发光免疫分析法（Modular Analytics E170 Roche）分析 TSH、游离甲状腺素 (FT4)、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸 (FT3) 和 TPO Abs 浓度。
结果
在多元线性回归模型中，PM 浓度与 FT4（p<0.001）和 FT3 水平（p<0.001）之间存在显著负相关。在多元逻辑回归中，PM 浓度与高 TSH 的几率存在显著关联[OR 1.24（1.01-1.52）p=0.043]，FT4 降低[OR 1.25（1.02-1.54）p=0.032]和 FT3 水平降低[1.48（1.19-1.84）p<0.001]，PM 浓度每增加一个 IQR（4.86μg/m）。NO 浓度与甲状腺激素水平之间无关联。在男性、绝经前和绝经后妇女组之间的结果中未观察到明显的异质性。
结论
在一般人群中，PM 暴露与甲状腺功能的轻度改变有关。
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