Marks Kristin J, Northstone Kate, Papadopoulou Eleni, Brantsæter Anne Lise, Haug Line Småstuen, Howards Penelope P, Smarr Melissa M, Flanders W Dana, Hartman Terryl J
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.
National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States.
Environ Adv. 2021 Dec;6. doi: 10.1016/j.envadv.2021.100130.
Food consumption, particularly of animal-based products, is considered the most important contributor to persistent endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) exposure. This study aims to describe the association between maternal diet during pregnancy and exposure to persistent EDCs using dietary pattern analysis. This study is based on subsamples of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) (N=422) and the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) (N=276) which uses data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway (MBRN). Women in both studies completed food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) during pregnancy, from which consumption data were categorized into 38 aggregated food groups. Maternal blood samples were collected during pregnancy and concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in serum/plasma were measured. Dietary patterns were identified using reduced rank regression, with blood EDC concentrations as response variables. Within ALSPAC, all patterns (PFAS, PCB, and OCP) were characterized by high consumption of meat, poultry, white fish, and biscuits. In MoBa, high consumption of sausages and burgers (representing processed meats), pasta, and chocolate bars characterized PCB and OCP dietary patterns, while high consumption of cheese characterized the PFAS pattern. Across both cohorts, PFAS patterns were characterized by high consumption of cheese, PCB patterns by high consumption of rice, and OCP patterns by poultry. Dietary patterns explained between 8 and 20% of the variation in serum EDC concentrations, with explained variance being the highest for PCBs in both cohorts. In conclusion, dietary patterns high in animal-based products appear to be associated with persistent EDC concentrations among pregnant women. Diet explains more variation in PCB concentrations than for other persistent EDC classes.
食物消费，尤其是动物性产品的消费，被认为是持续性内分泌干扰化学物质（EDC）暴露的最重要促成因素。本研究旨在通过饮食模式分析描述孕期母亲饮食与持续性EDC暴露之间的关联。本研究基于阿冯父母与儿童纵向研究（ALSPAC）（N = 422）和挪威母亲、父亲与儿童队列研究（MoBa）（N = 276）的子样本，后者使用了挪威医学出生登记处（MBRN）的数据。两项研究中的女性在孕期均完成了食物频率问卷（FFQ），消费数据据此被分类为38个汇总食物组。孕期采集了母亲的血液样本，并测量了血清/血浆中全氟烷基物质（PFAS）、多氯联苯（PCB）和有机氯农药（OCP）的浓度。使用降秩回归确定饮食模式，将血液中EDC浓度作为响应变量。在ALSPAC中，所有模式（PFAS、PCB和OCP）的特点都是肉类、家禽、白鱼和饼干的高消费量。在MoBa中，香肠和汉堡（代表加工肉类）、意大利面和巧克力棒的高消费量是PCB和OCP饮食模式的特征，而奶酪的高消费量是PFAS模式的特征。在两个队列中，PFAS模式的特征是奶酪的高消费量，PCB模式是大米的高消费量，OCP模式是家禽的高消费量。饮食模式解释了血清EDC浓度8%至20%的变异，两个队列中PCB的解释方差最高。总之，以动物性产品为主的饮食模式似乎与孕妇体内持续性EDC浓度有关。饮食对PCB浓度变异的解释比对其他持续性EDC类别更多。
