与以色列青少年 COVID-19 疫苗接种相关的变量以及需要针对性干预的措施。
Variables Associated With COVID-19 Vaccination Among Israeli Adolescents and the Need for Targeted Interventions.
机构信息
From the Clalit Health Services, Petach Tikva, Israel.
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
出版信息
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2022 Nov 1;41(11):927-932. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003664. Epub 2022 Aug 12.
BACKGROUND
We aimed to elucidate variables associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine compliance in adolescents and devise targeted interventions. Our secondary aim was to compare the rates of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, hospitalizations and deaths between vaccinated and unvaccinated adolescents.
METHODS
A retrospective review of electronic medical records was performed on all adolescents 12-17 years of age registered at Clalit Health District in Israel during January 1, 2021, to November 18, 2021, with characterization by vaccination status against COVID-19. Univariate and multivariable analyses were employed to identify predictors of vaccination.
RESULTS
Of the 43,919 subjects included in the study, 28,207 (64.2%) were vaccinated. Non-ultraorthodox Jewish adolescents had a higher vaccination rate than the minorities Arabs or ultraorthodox Jews (72.5%, 66.2% and 40.5%, respectively, P < 0.001). Adolescents of high socioeconomic status had nearly 2-fold higher vaccination rates than those of low socioeconomic status (80.4% vs 42.3%; P < 0.0001). Adolescents 16-17 years old had a higher rate of COVID-19 vaccination than those 12-15 years old (72.5% vs 60.6%, P < 0.001), as were girls versus boys (64.7% vs 63.8%, P = 0.047). Multivariate analysis identified 3 independent variables that were significantly ( P < 0.001) associated with low vaccination: ultraorthodox sector, Arab population, and underlying obesity (hazard rations 0.42, 0.72 and 0.84, respectively). Vaccination was significantly associated with reduced severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, hospitalization and death ( P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
This study highlights several pediatric populations with low COVID-19 vaccine compliance. Targeted interventions aimed at these populations are suggested with consideration of their special cultural, social and societal characteristics.
背景
我们旨在阐明与青少年 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫苗接种合规性相关的变量，并制定有针对性的干预措施。我们的次要目的是比较接种和未接种青少年中严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 感染、住院和死亡的发生率。
方法
对 2021 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 11 月 18 日期间在以色列克利利特医疗区登记的所有 12-17 岁青少年的电子病历进行回顾性审查，其特征为 COVID-19 疫苗接种状况。采用单因素和多因素分析来确定疫苗接种的预测因素。
结果
在纳入研究的 43919 名受试者中，28207 名（64.2%）接种了疫苗。非极端正统派犹太青少年的接种率高于少数民族阿拉伯人或极端正统派犹太人（分别为 72.5%、66.2%和 40.5%，P < 0.001）。高社会经济地位的青少年接种疫苗的比例几乎是低社会经济地位青少年的两倍（80.4%比 42.3%；P < 0.0001）。16-17 岁的青少年接种 COVID-19 疫苗的比例高于 12-15 岁的青少年（72.5%比 60.6%，P < 0.001），女孩比男孩高（64.7%比 63.8%，P = 0.047）。多因素分析确定了 3 个与低接种率显著相关的独立变量（P < 0.001）：极端正统派部门、阿拉伯人口和潜在肥胖（危险比分别为 0.42、0.72 和 0.84）。接种疫苗与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 感染、住院和死亡的风险降低显著相关（P < 0.001）。
结论
本研究强调了一些 COVID-19 疫苗接种率较低的儿科人群。建议针对这些人群采取有针对性的干预措施，并考虑到他们的特殊文化、社会和社会特征。
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