Rowland Mugsien, Adefuye Anthonio Oladele
Department of Emergency Medical Care, Boitekanelo College, Gaborone, Botswana.
Division of Health Sciences Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, 9301, South Africa.
Adv Med Educ Pract. 2022 Aug 10;13:849-864. doi: 10.2147/AMEP.S365436. eCollection 2022.
To evaluate the knowledge of pre-hospital emergency care personnel (PECP) in South Africa on the principles, practice of crisis resource management (CRM), and obtain emergency medical care (EMC) educators' views on the teaching and learning of CRM skills in the pre-hospital EMC curriculum.
This research was designed as an exploratory study that used a semi-structured questionnaire administered to 2000 PECP and focus group discussion (FGD) with 19 emergency care educators. Chi-squared test and Cramér's V were used to examine the existence and the strength of an association between cross-tabulated variables. Responses to open-ended questions, as well as the data generated by the FGD, were analysed qualitatively using iterative inductive coding to identify themes.
A response rate of 76% was obtained for the survey. Findings are that the majority (64.5%) of the PECP were not familiar with CRM, though familiarity varied significantly across cadres of PECP (p <0.001). EMC educators reported that the concept of CRM must be thoroughly researched and developed in the emergency medical service (EMS) context before it is included in the EMC curriculum. The educators reported that early introduction of CRM in the EMC curriculum will have a positive effect on students' professional development. Difficulties with assessment, knowing what to teach, and lack of universally accepted guidelines or teaching modalities are some of the challenges identified by EMC educators in relation to teaching CRM in the EMC curriculum.
The findings of this study provide new insights into PECP's knowledge and EMC educators' views on the teaching and learning of CRM in the EMC curriculum. This study highlights that more research is needed to develop an EMS CRM curriculum. Investigation into the development of a teaching and learning framework for CRM in EMC education could be the focus of future studies.
评估南非院前急救人员（PECP）对危机资源管理（CRM）原则及实践的了解情况，并获取急诊医疗服务（EMC）教育工作者对院前EMC课程中CRM技能教学与学习的看法。
本研究设计为一项探索性研究，采用半结构化问卷对2000名PECP进行调查，并与19名急救教育工作者进行焦点小组讨论（FGD）。使用卡方检验和克莱默V系数来检验交叉列表变量之间关联的存在性和强度。对开放式问题的回答以及FGD产生的数据，采用迭代归纳编码进行定性分析以识别主题。
调查的回复率为76%。研究发现，大多数（64.5%）PECP不熟悉CRM，不过不同类别PECP的熟悉程度差异显著（p<0.001）。EMC教育工作者报告称，在将CRM概念纳入EMC课程之前，必须在急诊医疗服务（EMS）背景下进行深入研究和开发。教育工作者报告称，在EMC课程中尽早引入CRM将对学生的专业发展产生积极影响。评估困难、不知道教什么以及缺乏普遍接受的指南或教学模式是EMC教育工作者在EMC课程中教授CRM时所确定的一些挑战。
本研究结果为PECP的知识以及EMC教育工作者对EMC课程中CRM教学与学习的看法提供了新的见解。本研究强调，需要开展更多研究来开发EMS CRM课程。对EMC教育中CRM教学与学习框架的开发进行调查可能是未来研究的重点。
