Université de Lyon-ANSES laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, 69007 Lyon, France.
UMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, ANSES, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Paris-Est Sup, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2022 Sep 30;77(10):2754-2762. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkac268.
Compared with healthcare settings, the role of veterinary hospitals in the spread of extended-spectrum cephalosporin- and carbapenem-resistant (ESC-R/CP-R) bacteria has been overlooked.
To investigate using genome-based approaches the dynamics of ESC-R and CP-R Enterobacterales among 125 dogs admitted to the same veterinary hospital over a 4 month period.
Dogs (n = 125) were sampled within 48 h of admission and at discharge. ESC-R/CP-R were phenotypically characterized and whole-genome sequenced using short- and long-read technologies. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using appropriate pipelines.
ESC-R/CP-R prevalence in dogs was 4.8% (6/125) upon admission and reached 24.8% (31/125) at discharge, reflecting multiple acquisitions of ESBL/AmpC and OXA-48-positive Enterobacterales during hospitalization. Indistinguishable or closely related isolates were found within dogs, shared between dogs, and shared between dogs and their environment, suggesting numerous clonal and plasmid spreads. Even though carbapenems are not licensed for use in companion animals, a wide distribution of the blaOXA-48/IncL plasmid was evidenced across different bacterial species and dogs.
This study highlights nosocomial acquisitions of ESBL/AmpC and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales by companion animals and the risk of further transmission within the community in a One Health perspective. Reinforced infection prevention and control measures and screening procedures are urgently needed in small animal veterinary settings where advanced therapeutics and intensive care is provided.
与医疗保健环境相比，兽医医院在传播扩展谱头孢菌素和碳青霉烯类耐药（ESC-R/CP-R）细菌方面的作用被忽视了。
使用基于基因组的方法调查在 4 个月的时间内，125 只被同一所兽医医院收治的狗中 ESC-R 和 CP-R 肠杆菌科的动态变化。
在入院后 48 小时内和出院时对狗进行采样。采用表型特征和短读长和长读长技术对 ESC-R/CP-R 进行全基因组测序。使用适当的管道进行系统发育分析。
入院时狗的 ESC-R/CP-R 患病率为 4.8%（6/125），出院时达到 24.8%（31/125），反映了住院期间 ESBL/AmpC 和 OXA-48 阳性肠杆菌科的多次获得。在狗之间、狗之间以及狗与环境之间发现了相同或密切相关的分离株，表明存在大量的克隆和质粒传播。尽管碳青霉烯类药物未被批准用于宠物，但在不同细菌种属和狗中都发现了blaOXA-48/IncL 质粒的广泛分布。
本研究强调了在同一健康视角下，宠物医院获得的 ESBL/AmpC 和产碳青霉烯酶肠杆菌科，以及在社区内进一步传播的风险。在提供高级治疗和重症监护的小动物兽医环境中，迫切需要加强感染预防和控制措施以及筛查程序。
