Asefa Adane, Hirpesa Belay, Asaye Zufan, Shifera Nigusie, Sheferaw Wegayehu Enbeyle, Mesafint Gebremeskel
Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia.
Department of Statistics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Mizan-Tepi University, Tepi, Ethiopia.
Front Psychiatry. 2025 May 23;16:1550488. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1550488. eCollection 2025.
Depression and HIV/AIDS are common mental health problems in people living in refugee camps under stressful conditions. When both conditions occur together in an already vulnerable population living in a deprived situation, they lead to severe health outcomes and complicate patient care. However, there is a shortage of data on the magnitude of depression and related factors among displaced populations living with HIV/AIDS in refugee camps. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with depression among HIV/AIDS patients living in the Okugu Refugee Camp, Ethiopia.
A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 382 adults living with HIV/AIDS who were on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) at the Okugu Refugee Camp. Data were collected using a structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire and medical chart review based on a standard checklist. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to assess depression. Data were coded and entered into EpiData version 4.6.0.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Descriptive statistics and bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis were performed. Variables with a p-value less than 0.05 in the final model were considered statistically significantly associated with depression.
A total of 380 study participants took part in the study, with a response rate of 99.4%. More than half of the study participants (58.2%) were female, and the mean age of respondents was 32.71 (SD=7.42). The prevalence of depression among the displaced South Sudanese population living with HIV/AIDS in the Ethiopia Okugu Refugee Camp was 56.8% (95% CI: 51.8%-61.9%). Female sex (AOR = 2.6; 95% CI: 1.24, 6.28), opportunistic infections (AOR = 3.00; 95% CI: 1.75, 7.06), a CD4 count < 200 cells/mm (AOR = 2.40; 95% CI: 1.78, 8.23), and poor social support (AOR = 4.70; 95% CI: 1.98, 9.79) were significantly associated with depression among the refugees.
The magnitude of depression among refugees living with HIV/AIDS was significantly high. Therefore, regular screening of people living with HIV for depression through integration of mental health services with routine ART services and equipping healthcare providers with essential supplies to deal with the problems of refugees are crucial.
抑郁症和艾滋病毒/艾滋病是生活在压力环境下难民营中的人们常见的心理健康问题。当这两种情况在生活在贫困环境中的弱势群体中同时出现时，会导致严重的健康后果并使患者护理变得复杂。然而，关于难民营中感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的流离失所人群中抑郁症的严重程度及相关因素的数据短缺。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚奥库古难民营中感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的抑郁症患病率及相关因素。
在奥库古难民营中，对382名接受高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）的感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的成年人样本进行了一项基于医疗机构的横断面研究。使用结构化的、由访谈员管理的问卷和基于标准清单的病历审查收集数据。采用患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）评估抑郁症。数据进行编码并录入EpiData 4.6.0.6版本，使用SPSS 23版本进行分析。进行描述性统计以及双变量和多变量二元逻辑回归分析。最终模型中p值小于0.05的变量被认为与抑郁症有统计学显著关联。
共有380名研究参与者参与了研究，应答率为99.4%。超过一半的研究参与者（58.2%）为女性，受访者的平均年龄为32.71岁（标准差=7.42）。埃塞俄比亚奥库古难民营中感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的南苏丹流离失所人群中抑郁症的患病率为56.8%（95%置信区间：51.8%-61.9%）。女性（调整后比值比[AOR]=2.6；95%置信区间：1.24，6.28）、机会性感染（AOR=3.00；95%置信区间：1.75，7.06）、CD4细胞计数<200个/立方毫米（AOR=2.40；95%置信区间：1.78，8.23）以及社会支持差（AOR=4.70；95%置信区间：1.98，9.79）与难民中的抑郁症显著相关。
感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的难民中抑郁症的严重程度显著较高。因此，通过将心理健康服务与常规抗逆转录病毒治疗服务相结合，定期对艾滋病毒感染者进行抑郁症筛查，并为医疗保健提供者配备应对难民问题的基本物资至关重要。
