J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2022 Nov-Dec;62(6):1897-1903.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2022.07.010. Epub 2022 Jul 31.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) treatments reduce the risk of contracting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, despite proven effectiveness, PrEP use remains low among populations at risk of contracting HIV. Successful PrEP uptake includes developing partnerships with health care providers to implement PrEP-related tools and interventions. Pharmacists are uniquely positioned health professionals who can provide PrEP services in the community, such as pharmacy-led PrEP clinics, to increase uptake, adherence, and retention. Unfortunately, prior evidence shows that not all pharmacists have enough knowledge about PrEP to provide effective care, resulting in low confidence and discomfort in PrEP-related patient consultations.
This study aimed to assess Wisconsin community pharmacists' intentions of utilizing an infographic on PrEP for HIV prevention to educate themselves on PrEP and in consultations with patients starting PrEP.
An adaptative survey, using the Theory of Planned Behavior, was conducted to assess pharmacists' intentions by measuring their attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. The Fisher exact tests were performed to examine associations between the 3 theoretical constructs against intentions.
Pharmacists reported high intentions of utilizing the infographic to educate themselves (62%) and counsel patients starting PrEP (54%). Their attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral controls were all significantly associated with their intentions. However, their intentions were reported lower than their attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, suggesting that additional factors may influence intentions that were not measured in this study.
The results from this study demonstrate Wisconsin community pharmacists' intentions of using an infographic on PrEP for HIV prevention in practice while measuring their attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Future research is warranted to explore adapting and using the infographic to better understand its influence in improving pharmacy care among HIV-negative individuals.
暴露前预防（PrEP）治疗可降低感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的风险。然而，尽管已证实其有效性，但高危人群对 PrEP 的使用仍然很低。成功采用 PrEP 包括与医疗保健提供者建立合作伙伴关系，以实施与 PrEP 相关的工具和干预措施。药剂师是具有独特地位的卫生专业人员，他们可以在社区中提供 PrEP 服务，例如以药房为主导的 PrEP 诊所，以提高采用率、依从性和保留率。不幸的是，先前的证据表明，并非所有药剂师都有足够的 PrEP 知识来提供有效的护理，导致他们在与开始接受 PrEP 的患者进行相关咨询时信心不足和感到不适。
本研究旨在评估威斯康星州社区药剂师使用 PrEP 预防 HIV 的信息图来自我教育和与开始接受 PrEP 的患者进行咨询的意愿。
采用适应理论的问卷调查，通过测量药剂师的态度、主观规范和感知行为控制来评估其意图。采用 Fisher 精确检验来检验 3 个理论构念与意图之间的关联。
药剂师报告了高度使用信息图来自我教育（62%）和咨询开始接受 PrEP 的患者（54%）的意愿。他们的态度、主观规范和感知行为控制均与他们的意图显著相关。然而，他们的意图低于他们的态度、主观规范和感知行为控制，这表明可能有其他因素影响了本研究未测量的意图。
本研究的结果表明，威斯康星州社区药剂师有在实践中使用 PrEP 预防 HIV 的信息图的意愿，同时衡量了他们的态度、主观规范和感知行为控制。未来的研究需要探索适应和使用该信息图，以更好地了解其在提高 HIV 阴性个体的药房护理方面的影响。
