Bao Zhenping, Wu Yanling, Song Ridan, Gao Yuxia, Zhang Songhao, Zhao Kefei, Wu Tianyue, Zhang Chenhui, Du Fengpei
Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Dec 10;851(Pt 1):158169. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158169. Epub 2022 Aug 19.
Low pesticide efficiency has caused serious environmental pollution and economic loss, which are closely related to each link in the targeted delivery of pesticides. However, the existing strategies for improving pesticide utilization rate are not comprehensive, and the regulation of foliar absorption and biological activity has been neglected. As surfactants are the most important agricultural synergists, the impact, wetting, adhesion, and leaf retention behaviors of pyraclostrobin (PYR) droplets containing the surfactant Triton X (TX) series on hydrophobic scallion leaf surfaces were studied. The results showed that TX-102 can sufficiently reduce the splash and roll of droplets when they impact inclined leaves, owing to its low dynamic surface tension. Moderate wetting ability and high adhesion also maximizes leaf retention of the TX-102-added PYR solution sprayed on scallion leaves. Furthermore, TX-102 improved the permeation and absorption of PYR in scallion leaves through the synergistic effects of opening the stomata and dissolving the waxy layer. The synergistic bioactivity of TX-102 against pathogenic fungi Alternaria porri and its safety to non-target organism zebrafish have also been demonstrated. Our study provides a more comprehensive theoretical rationale for screening adjuvants to improve the effectiveness and bioavailability of pesticides and reduce the risk of pesticides entering the environment.
低农药效率已造成严重的环境污染和经济损失，这与农药靶向输送的各个环节密切相关。然而，现有的提高农药利用率的策略并不全面，叶面吸收和生物活性的调控被忽视了。由于表面活性剂是最重要的农用增效剂，因此研究了含有表面活性剂吐温X（TX）系列的吡唑醚菌酯（PYR）液滴在疏水葱叶表面的冲击、湿润、粘附和持留行为。结果表明，TX-102由于其较低的动态表面张力，在冲击倾斜叶片时能够充分减少液滴的飞溅和滚落。适中的湿润能力和高粘附性也使喷洒在葱叶上的添加TX-102的PYR溶液的叶片持留量最大化。此外，TX-102通过打开气孔和溶解蜡质层的协同作用，提高了PYR在葱叶中的渗透和吸收。TX-102对致病真菌葱链格孢的协同生物活性及其对非靶标生物斑马鱼的安全性也得到了证实。我们的研究为筛选助剂以提高农药的有效性和生物利用度并降低农药进入环境的风险提供了更全面的理论依据。
