Chow Eric J, Casto Amanda M, Rogers Julia H, Roychoudhury Pavitra, Han Peter D, Xie Hong, Mills Margaret G, Nguyen Tien V, Pfau Brian, Cox Sarah N, Wolf Caitlin R, Hughes James P, Uyeki Timothy M, Rolfes Melissa A, Mosites Emily, Shim M Mia, Duchin Jeffrey S, Sugg Nancy, Starita Lea A, Englund Janet A, Chu Helen Y
Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Lancet Reg Health Am. 2022 Nov;15:100348. doi: 10.1016/j.lana.2022.100348. Epub 2022 Aug 18.
The circulation of respiratory viruses poses a significant health risk among those residing in congregate settings. Data are limited on seasonal human coronavirus (HCoV) infections in homeless shelter settings.
We analysed data from a clinical trial and SARS-CoV-2 surveillance study at 23 homeless shelter sites in King County, Washington between October 2019-May 2021. Eligible participants were shelter residents aged ≥3 months with acute respiratory illness. We collected enrolment data and nasal samples for respiratory virus testing using multiplex RT-PCR platform including HCoV. Beginning April 1, 2020, eligibility expanded to shelter residents and staff regardless of symptoms. HCoV species was determined by RT-PCR with species-specific primers, OpenArray assay or genomic sequencing for samples with an OpenArray relative cycle threshold <22.
Of the 14,464 samples from 3281 participants between October 2019-May 2021, 107 were positive for HCoV from 90 participants (median age 40 years, range: 0·9-81 years, 38% female). HCoV-HKU1 was the most common species identified before and after community-wide mitigation. No HCoV-positive samples were identified between May 2020-December 2020. Adults aged ≥50 years had the highest detection of HCoV (11%) among virus-positive samples among all age-groups. Species and sequence data showed diversity between and within HCoV species over the study period.
HCoV infections occurred in all congregate homeless shelter site age-groups with the greatest proportion among those aged ≥50 years. Species and sequencing data highlight the complexity of HCoV epidemiology within and between shelters sites.
Gates Ventures, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute of Health.
呼吸道病毒的传播对居住在集体环境中的人群构成了重大健康风险。关于无家可归者收容所环境中季节性人类冠状病毒（HCoV）感染的数据有限。
我们分析了2019年10月至2021年5月期间在华盛顿州金县23个无家可归者收容所进行的一项临床试验和SARS-CoV-2监测研究的数据。符合条件的参与者为年龄≥3个月、患有急性呼吸道疾病的收容所居民。我们收集了登记数据和鼻拭子样本，使用包括HCoV在内的多重逆转录聚合酶链反应平台进行呼吸道病毒检测。从2020年4月1日起，符合条件的人群扩大到无论有无症状的收容所居民和工作人员。通过使用物种特异性引物的逆转录聚合酶链反应、开放式阵列分析或对开放式阵列相对循环阈值<22的样本进行基因组测序来确定HCoV种类。
在2019年10月至2021年5月期间，从3281名参与者中采集的14464份样本中，90名参与者（年龄中位数40岁，范围：0.9 - 81岁，38%为女性）的107份样本HCoV呈阳性。HCoV-HKU1是在社区范围内采取缓解措施前后最常见的种类。在2020年5月至2020年12月期间未发现HCoV阳性样本。在所有年龄组的病毒阳性样本中，年龄≥50岁的成年人HCoV检测率最高（11%）。在研究期间，HCoV种类之间和种类内部的种类和序列数据显示出多样性。
HCoV感染发生在所有集体无家可归者收容所的年龄组中，其中≥50岁的人群比例最高。种类和测序数据突出了收容所内部和之间HCoV流行病学的复杂性。
盖茨风险投资公司、疾病控制和预防中心、国立卫生研究院。
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