仅经鼻腔暴露于樱桃味和烟草味电子烟会以性别依赖的方式诱发小鼠肺部炎症。

Nose-Only Exposure to Cherry- and Tobacco-Flavored E-Cigarettes Induced Lung Inflammation in Mice in a Sex-Dependent Manner.

作者信息

Lamb Thomas, Muthumalage Thivanka, Meehan-Atrash Jiries, Rahman Irfan

机构信息

Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14620, USA.

出版信息

Toxics. 2022 Aug 13;10(8):471. doi: 10.3390/toxics10080471.

Abstract

Flavoring chemicals in electronic nicotine delivery systems have been shown to cause cellular inflammation; meanwhile, the effects of fruit and tobacco flavors on lung inflammation by nose-only exposures to mice are relatively unknown. We hypothesized that exposure to flavored e-cigarettes would cause lung inflammation in C57BL/6 J mice. The mice were exposed to air, propylene glycol/vegetable glycerin, and flavored e-liquids: Apple, Cherry, Strawberry, Wintergreen, and Smooth & Mild Tobacco, one hour per day for three days. Quantification of flavoring chemicals by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H NMR), differential cell counts by flow cytometry, pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines by ELISA, and matrix metalloproteinase levels by western blot were performed. Exposure to PG/VG increased neutrophil cell count in lung bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). KC and IL6 levels were increased by PG/VG exposure and female mice exposed to Cherry flavored e-cigarettes, in lung homogenate. Mice exposed to PG/VG, Apple, Cherry, and Wintergreen increased MMP2 levels. Our results revealed flavor- and sex-based e-cigarette effects in female mice exposed to cherry-flavored e-liquids and male mice exposed to tobacco-flavored e-liquids, namely, increased lung inflammation.

摘要

电子尼古丁传送系统中的调味化学物质已被证明会引发细胞炎症;与此同时,仅通过鼻腔暴露于小鼠的水果和烟草口味对肺部炎症的影响相对未知。我们假设,暴露于调味电子烟会导致C57BL/6 J小鼠肺部炎症。将小鼠每天暴露于空气、丙二醇/蔬菜甘油和调味电子烟液(苹果味、樱桃味、草莓味、冬青味以及柔和烟草味)中,每天1小时,持续3天。通过质子核磁共振波谱法(H NMR)对调味化学物质进行定量分析,通过流式细胞术进行细胞分类计数,通过酶联免疫吸附测定法检测促炎细胞因子/趋化因子,通过蛋白质免疫印迹法检测基质金属蛋白酶水平。暴露于丙二醇/蔬菜甘油会增加肺支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中的中性粒细胞计数。在肺匀浆中,丙二醇/蔬菜甘油暴露以及暴露于樱桃味电子烟液的雌性小鼠会使KC和IL6水平升高。暴露于丙二醇/蔬菜甘油、苹果味、樱桃味和冬青味电子烟液的小鼠会使MMP2水平升高。我们的研究结果揭示了在暴露于樱桃味电子烟液的雌性小鼠和暴露于烟草味电子烟液的雄性小鼠中,基于口味和性别的电子烟效应,即肺部炎症增加。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/32d0/9413458/02af9ae9ebb6/toxics-10-00471-g001.jpg

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