Matuszewski Wojciech, Gontarz-Nowak Katarzyna, Harazny Joanna M, Bandurska-Stankiewicz Elżbieta
Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland.
Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland.
Biomedicines. 2022 Aug 9;10(8):1926. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10081926.
Diabetes mellitus contributes to the development of microvascular complications in the eye. Moreover, it affects multiple end organs, including brain damage, leading to premature death. The use of adaptive optics technique allows to perform non-invasive in vivo assessment of retinal vessels and to identify changes in arterioles about 100 μm in diameter. The retinal vasculature may be a model of the cerebral vessels both morphologically and functionally. . To evaluate morphological parameters of retinal arterioles in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). The study included 22 DM1 patients (13 females) aged 43.00 ± 9.45 years with a mean diabetes duration of 22.55 ± 10.05 years, and 23 healthy volunteers (10 females) aged 41.09 ± 10.99 years. Blood pressure, BMI, waist circumference, and metabolic control markers of diabetes were measured in both groups. Vascular examinations were performed using an rtx1 adaptive optics retinal camera (Imagine Eyes, Orsay, France); the vessel wall thickness (WT), lumen diameter (LD), wall-to-lumen ratio (WLR), and vascular wall cross-sectional area (WCSA) were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed with the application of IMB SPSS version 23 software. . The DM1 group did not differ significantly in age, BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, or axial length of the eye compared to the control group. Intraocular pressure (IOP) in both groups was normal, but in the DM1 group it was significantly higher. The DM1 group had significantly higher WT, WLR, and WCSA. These parameters correlated significantly with the duration of diabetes, but not with IOP. . The presented study demonstrates the presence of significant morphological changes in retinal vessels in DM1 patients without previously diagnosed diabetic retinopathy. Similar changes may occur in the brain and may be early indicators of cardiovascular risk, but further investigation is required to confirm that.
糖尿病会促使眼部微血管并发症的发生。此外，它还会影响多个终末器官，包括导致脑损伤，进而导致过早死亡。自适应光学技术的应用能够对视网膜血管进行非侵入性的体内评估，并识别直径约100μm的小动脉的变化。视网膜血管系统在形态和功能上可能是脑血管的一个模型。为了评估1型糖尿病（DM1）患者视网膜小动脉的形态学参数。该研究纳入了22名年龄为43.00±9.45岁、平均糖尿病病程为22.55±10.05年的DM1患者（13名女性），以及23名年龄为41.09±10.99岁的健康志愿者（10名女性）。对两组患者均测量了血压、体重指数、腰围和糖尿病的代谢控制指标。使用rtx1自适应光学视网膜相机（法国奥赛的Imagine Eyes公司）进行血管检查；评估血管壁厚度（WT）、管腔直径（LD）、壁腔比（WLR）和血管壁横截面积（WCSA）。使用IBM SPSS 23版软件进行统计分析。与对照组相比，DM1组在年龄、体重指数、腰围、血压或眼轴长度方面无显著差异。两组的眼压（IOP）均正常，但DM1组的眼压明显更高。DM1组的WT、WLR和WCSA明显更高。这些参数与糖尿病病程显著相关，但与IOP无关。本研究表明，在未先前诊断为糖尿病视网膜病变的DM1患者中，视网膜血管存在显著的形态学变化。类似的变化可能发生在大脑中，可能是心血管风险的早期指标，但需要进一步研究来证实这一点。
