Kondratyeva Liya, Alekseenko Irina, Chernov Igor, Sverdlov Eugene
Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia.
Institute of Molecular Genetics of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123182, Russia.
Biology (Basel). 2022 Aug 12;11(8):1208. doi: 10.3390/biology11081208.
In this brief review, we attempt to demonstrate that the incompleteness of data, as well as the intrinsic heterogeneity of biological systems, may form very strong and possibly insurmountable barriers for researchers trying to decipher the mechanisms of the functioning of live systems. We illustrate this challenge using the two most studied organisms: , with 34.6% genes lacking experimental evidence of function, and , with identified proteins for approximately 50% of its genes. Another striking example is an artificial unicellular entity named JCVI-syn3.0, with a minimal set of genes. A total of 31.5% of the genes of JCVI-syn3.0 cannot be ascribed a specific biological function. The human interactome mapping project identified only 5-10% of all protein interactions in humans. In addition, most of the available data are static snapshots, and it is barely possible to generate realistic models of the dynamic processes within cells. Moreover, the existing interactomes reflect the de facto interaction but not its functional result, which is an unpredictable emerging property. Perhaps the completeness of molecular data on any living organism is beyond our reach and represents an unsolvable problem in biology.
在这篇简短的综述中，我们试图证明，数据的不完整性以及生物系统固有的异质性，可能会给试图破译生命系统功能机制的研究人员形成非常强大且可能难以逾越的障碍。我们以两种研究最多的生物来说明这一挑战：一种是，其34.6%的基因缺乏功能的实验证据；另一种是，约50%的基因已鉴定出蛋白质。另一个引人注目的例子是一个名为JCVI-syn3.0的人工单细胞实体，其基因数量最少。JCVI-syn3.0共有31.5%的基因无法赋予特定的生物学功能。人类相互作用组图谱项目仅识别出人类所有蛋白质相互作用中的5-10%。此外，大多数现有数据都是静态快照，几乎不可能生成细胞内动态过程的真实模型。而且，现有的相互作用组反映的是实际的相互作用，而非其功能结果，而功能结果是一种不可预测的新兴特性。也许任何生物体分子数据的完整性都超出了我们的能力范围，是生物学中一个无法解决的问题。
