Department of Psychology, Medical School Berlin, Rüdesheimerstraße 50, 14197 Berlin, Germany.
Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 18;19(16):10277. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191610277.
(1) Background: The aim of the present study was to examine symptom classes of major depressive disorder (MDD), prolonged grief disorder (PGD), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a sample of suicide-bereaved individuals, while accounting for loss-related characteristics. (2) Methods: A latent class analysis was conducted to identify classes of the suicide bereaved, sharing symptom profiles, in a German suicide-bereaved sample (N = 159). (3) Results: Our analyses revealed three main classes: a resilient class (16%), a class with high endorsement probability for PGD symptoms (50%), and a class with high endorsement probability for combined PGD/PTSD symptoms (34%). Prolonged grief and intrusive symptoms emerged across all classes, while MDD showed low endorsement probability. Our results indicate an association between class membership and time passed since the loss; however, this applies only to the comparison between the PGD and the resilient class, and not for the PGD/PTSD class. (4) Conclusions: Our results may provide information about the predictability of symptom clusters following suicide bereavement. The findings also represent a significant step towards tailoring treatments based on the needs of relevant suicide-bereaved subgroups through a symptom-level approach. Time passed since loss might explain differences between symptom clusters.
(1) 背景：本研究旨在考察在自杀死亡个体样本中，同时考虑与丧失相关的特征，对主要抑郁障碍（MDD）、延长哀伤障碍（PGD）和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的症状类别进行检查。(2) 方法：在德国自杀死亡者样本（N=159）中，采用潜在类别分析来确定具有共享症状特征的自杀死亡者类别。(3) 结果：我们的分析显示了三个主要类别：一个有弹性的类别（16%），一个有高 PGD 症状可能性的类别（50%），和一个有高 PGD/PTSD 症状可能性的类别（34%）。延长哀伤和侵入性症状出现在所有类别中，而 MDD 的可能性较低。我们的结果表明，类别成员与丧失后时间之间存在关联；然而，这仅适用于 PGD 与有弹性的类别之间的比较，而不适用于 PGD/PTSD 类别。(4) 结论：我们的结果可能提供了关于自杀后丧亲者症状群的可预测性的信息。这些发现还代表了通过症状层面的方法，根据相关自杀死亡者亚组的需求定制治疗的重要一步。丧失后时间可能解释了症状群之间的差异。
