Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Mudanjiang Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mudanjiang 157000, China.
Molecules. 2022 Aug 22;27(16):5347. doi: 10.3390/molecules27165347.
is well known as a medicinal mushroom in China and many Asian countries, while its fermentation technique and corresponding pharmacological activity are rarely reported. In this study, a wild strain (G42) with high triterpenoid content was screened from nine strains by rice solid-state fermentation, and 53.86 mg/g triterpenoids could be produced under optimized conditions; that is, inoculation amount 20%, fermentation temperature 27 °C, and culture time 45 days. The hepatoprotective activity of G42 ethanol extract was evaluated by CCl-induced liver injury in mice, in which changes in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), oxidation-related factors, and inflammatory cytokines in serum or liver samples demonstrated the therapeutic effect. In addition, the ethanol extract of G42 reduced the incidence of necrosis and inflammatory infiltration, and decreased protein expression levels of phosphor-nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), interleukin-Iβ (IL-1β), and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2). The chemical composition of the ethanol extract was analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry and molecular networking. Three main triterpenoids, namely platycodigenin, cucurbitacin IIb, and ganolecidic acid B were identified. This work provided an optimized fermentation method for , and demonstrated that its fermentation extract might be developed as a functional food with a hepatoprotective effect.
灵芝在中国和许多亚洲国家被公认为一种药用蘑菇，而其发酵技术和相应的药理活性却很少有报道。在本研究中，通过大米固态发酵，从 9 株菌中筛选出一株灵芝野生菌株（G42），其三萜含量较高，在优化条件下可产生 53.86mg/g 的三萜；即接种量 20%，发酵温度 27°C，培养时间 45 天。通过 CCl4 诱导的小鼠肝损伤评价 G42 乙醇提取物的保肝活性，血清或肝组织样品中天门冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、氧化相关因子和炎症细胞因子水平的变化显示了其治疗效果。此外，G42 乙醇提取物降低了坏死和炎症浸润的发生率，并降低了磷酸核因子-κB（NF-κB）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和红细胞生成素相关因子 2（NRF2）的蛋白表达水平。通过高分辨质谱和分子网络分析了乙醇提取物的化学成分。鉴定出三种主要的三萜类化合物，即远志酸、葫芦素 IIb 和 Ganolecidic 酸 B。这项工作为灵芝提供了一种优化的发酵方法，并证明其发酵提取物可能被开发为具有保肝作用的功能性食品。
