Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Turin, Italy.
Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit 1, Department of Surgical Sciences, Sant'Anna Hospital, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Nutrients. 2022 Aug 10;14(16):3275. doi: 10.3390/nu14163275.
Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with the severity of COVID-19. The role of vitamin D in pregnant women with COVID-19 has been poorly investigated to date. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of vitamin D in affecting some clinical features in pregnancy between SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative patients.
Vitamin D pathway related polymorphisms and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were quantified in pregnant women followed from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy. Vitamin D deficiency was considered with values ≤ 30 ng/mL.
In total, 160 women were enrolled: 23 resulted positive for at least one SARS-CoV-2 related test (molecular swab or antibody tests). Vitamin D-associated polymorphisms were able to affect vitamin D levels in SARS-CoV-2 negative and positive subjects: remarkably, all the TaqICC genotype patients were negative for SARS-CoV-2. In a sub-population (118 patients), vitamin D levels correlated with pregnancy-related factors, such as alpha-fetoprotein levels. Third-trimester vitamin D levels were lower in preterm births compared to full-term pregnancy: this trend was highlighted for SARS-CoV-2 positive patients.
This is the first study demonstrating a role of vitamin D in affecting the clinical characteristics of pregnant women during the COVID-19 era. Further studies in larger and different cohorts of patients are required to confirm these findings.
维生素 D 缺乏与 COVID-19 的严重程度有关。迄今为止，关于 COVID-19 孕妇维生素 D 作用的研究甚少。本研究旨在评估维生素 D 对 SARS-CoV-2 阳性和阴性患者妊娠某些临床特征的影响。
对妊娠 1 至 3 个月末的孕妇进行维生素 D 途径相关多态性和 25-羟维生素 D 水平定量检测。维生素 D 缺乏的定义为血清 25-羟维生素 D 浓度≤30ng/ml。
共纳入 160 名孕妇：23 名至少进行了一项 SARS-CoV-2 相关检测（分子拭子或抗体检测），结果为阳性。维生素 D 相关多态性可影响 SARS-CoV-2 阴性和阳性孕妇的维生素 D 水平：值得注意的是，所有 TaqICC 基因型患者均未感染 SARS-CoV-2。在一个亚组（118 名患者）中，维生素 D 水平与妊娠相关因素（如甲胎蛋白水平）相关。与足月妊娠相比，早产儿的孕晚期维生素 D 水平较低：SARS-CoV-2 阳性患者的这一趋势更为明显。
这是第一项研究表明维生素 D 在影响 COVID-19 时代孕妇临床特征方面发挥作用。需要在更大和不同的患者队列中进行进一步的研究来证实这些发现。
