Department of School Health, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210003, China.
Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
Nutrients. 2022 Aug 19;14(16):3410. doi: 10.3390/nu14163410.
Population research on the intervention of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation in lactating women is in its infancy in China. This study investigated the effect of DHA supplementation on DHA concentrations in the breast milk of lactating women, and the intervention effect, with respect to different dietary patterns. In this trial, 160 healthy lactating women in Nanjing (30−50 days postpartum) were recruited and randomly divided into control (one placebo capsule of similar appearance per day) and supplement (one capsule with 200 mg of DHA from algal oil per day) groups for 8 weeks. Before and after the intervention, all subjects were asked to maintain basic information, maternal anthropometric parameters, breast milk (10−15 mL) sample collection, and a dietary survey using a food frequency questionnaire. The concentrations of DHA and other fatty acids in breast milk were detected using capillary gas chromatography. This study was completed by 137 subjects, with 60 in the control group and 77 in the supplement group. Compared with the DHA concentrations in the breast milk at enrollment, the absolute concentrations of the control group showed a significant decrease at the end of the trial (p = 0.037). In addition, after intervention, the absolute and relative DHA concentrations in the supplement group (10.07 mg/100 mL and 0.40%, respectively) were higher than those in the control group (7.57 mg/100 mL and 0.28%, respectively), being statistically significant (p = 0.012 and p = 0.001). Furthermore, the maternal diet in the supplement group was divided into four dietary patterns. Pattern 1 mainly included fruits and livestock meat. Pattern 2 was dominated by milk and its products, eggs, fish, shrimp and shellfish, and soybeans and its products. Pattern 3 chiefly comprised cereal and beans other than soybeans, potatoes, and nuts. Pattern 4 was high in poultry meat and low in cooking oils. The change in the absolute concentration of DHA in Pattern 3 was lower than that in other patterns (p < 0.05). In conclusion, DHA supplementation in lactating mothers increased breast milk DHA concentrations. The dietary pattern mainly characterized by cereal and beans other than soybeans, potatoes, and nuts may contribute to the poor intervention effect.
中国人群中关于二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）补充干预的研究还处于起步阶段。本研究旨在探讨 DHA 补充对哺乳期妇女母乳中 DHA 浓度的影响及其对不同膳食模式的干预效果。该试验纳入了 160 名南京地区（产后 30-50 天）健康哺乳期妇女，采用随机数字表法分为对照组（每天 1 粒安慰剂胶囊）和补充组（每天 1 粒含 200mg 藻油 DHA 的胶囊），干预 8 周。干预前后，所有受试者均需记录基本信息、产妇人体测量学参数、采集母乳（10-15ml）样本和采用食物频率问卷进行膳食调查。采用毛细管气相色谱法检测母乳中 DHA 及其他脂肪酸的浓度。本研究最终纳入 137 名受试者，其中对照组 60 名，补充组 77 名。与入组时相比，对照组在试验结束时的母乳 DHA 绝对浓度显著下降（p = 0.037）。此外，干预后补充组的母乳 DHA 绝对浓度（10.07mg/100ml）和相对浓度（0.40%）均高于对照组（7.57mg/100ml 和 0.28%），差异有统计学意义（p = 0.012 和 p = 0.001）。进一步将补充组的膳食模式分为 4 种类型，模式 1 主要包括水果和畜肉，模式 2 以奶类和其制品、蛋类、鱼虾贝类、大豆及其制品为主，模式 3 以谷物和杂豆以外的豆类、薯类、坚果为主，模式 4 以禽肉类和烹调油摄入较低为特点。模式 3 组母乳 DHA 绝对浓度的变化低于其他模式（p < 0.05）。综上所述，DHA 补充可增加哺乳期妇女母乳 DHA 浓度，以谷物和杂豆以外的豆类、薯类、坚果为主的膳食模式可能会影响干预效果。
Zotero 插件
