Fidler N, Sauerwald T, Pohl A, Demmelmair H, Koletzko B
Kinderklinik and Kinderpoliklinik, Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universitat, D-80337 Munich, Germany.
J Lipid Res. 2000 Sep;41(9):1376-83.
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is important for infant development. The DHA transfer from maternal diet into human milk has not been investigated in detail. We studied the effects of DHA supplementation on the fatty acid composition of human milk and the secretion of dietary (13)C-labeled fatty acids, including DHA, into human milk. Ten lactating women were randomized to consume, from 4 to 6 weeks postpartum, an oil rich in DHA (DHASCO, 200 mg of DHA/day) (n = 5) or a placebo oil (n = 5). Dietary intakes were followed by 7-day protocols. On study day 14 a single dose of [U-(13)C]DHASCO was given orally, milk samples were collected over 48 h, and milk production was recorded. Milk fatty acid composition was determined by gas-liquid chromatography and isotopic enrichment was determined by gas chromatography- combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS). Milk DHA content did not differ between the supplemented and placebo group at study entry (0.29 vs. 0.28 wt%, median). After 2 weeks of supplementation the milk DHA content was almost 2-fold higher in the supplemented versus placebo group (0.37 vs. 0.21 wt%, P = 0.003). Cumulative recovery of [(13)C]palmitic, [(13)C]oleic, and [(13)C]docosahexaenoic acids in human milk at 48 h was similar between supplemented and placebo groups (palmitic acid 7.40 vs. 8. 14%, oleic acid 9.14 vs. 9.97%, and docosahexaenoic acid 9.09 vs. 8. 03% of dose, respectively). Notable lower recovery was observed for [(13)C]myristic acid in both the supplemented and placebo groups, 0. 62 versus 0.77% of dose. Dietary DHA supplementation increases the DHA content in human milk. DHA transfer from the diet into human milk is comparable to palmitic and oleic acid transfer.
二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）对婴儿发育至关重要。母体饮食中的DHA向母乳中的转移尚未得到详细研究。我们研究了补充DHA对母乳脂肪酸组成以及膳食中（13）C标记脂肪酸（包括DHA）分泌到母乳中的影响。十名哺乳期妇女在产后4至6周被随机分为两组，一组食用富含DHA的油（DHASCO，200毫克DHA/天）（n = 5），另一组食用安慰剂油（n = 5）。通过7天的方案跟踪膳食摄入量。在研究第14天，口服单剂量的[U-（13）C]DHASCO，在48小时内收集母乳样本，并记录母乳产量。通过气液色谱法测定母乳脂肪酸组成，通过气相色谱-燃烧-同位素比率质谱法（GC-C-IRMS）测定同位素富集。在研究开始时，补充组和安慰剂组的母乳DHA含量无差异（中位数分别为0.29 wt%和0.28 wt%）。补充2周后，补充组的母乳DHA含量几乎是安慰剂组的2倍（0.37 wt%对0.21 wt%，P = 0.003）。补充组和安慰剂组在48小时时母乳中[（13）C]棕榈酸、[（13）C]油酸和[（13）C]二十二碳六烯酸的累积回收率相似（棕榈酸分别为剂量的7.40%对8.14%，油酸为9.14%对9.97%，二十二碳六烯酸为9.09%对8.03%）。在补充组和安慰剂组中，均观察到[（13）C]肉豆蔻酸的回收率显著较低，分别为剂量的0.62%和0.77%。膳食补充DHA可增加母乳中的DHA含量。从饮食到母乳的DHA转移与棕榈酸和油酸的转移相当。
