Sirangelo Tiziana M, Ludlow Richard A, Spadafora Natasha D
CREA-Council for Agricultural Research and Agricultural Economy Analysis, Genomics and Bioinformatics Department, 26836 Montanaso Lombardo, Italy.
School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Aug 22;11(16):2182. doi: 10.3390/plants11162182.
Cannabis ( L.), also known as hemp, is one of the oldest cultivated crops, grown for both its use in textile and cordage production, and its unique chemical properties. However, due to the legislation regulating cannabis cultivation, it is not a well characterized crop, especially regarding molecular and genetic pathways. Only recently have regulations begun to ease enough to allow more widespread cannabis research, which, coupled with the availability of cannabis genome sequences, is fuelling the interest of the scientific community. In this review, we provide a summary of cannabis molecular resources focusing on the most recent and relevant genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics approaches and investigations. Multi-omics methods are discussed, with this combined approach being a powerful tool to identify correlations between biological processes and metabolic pathways across diverse omics layers, and to better elucidate the relationships between cannabis sub-species. The correlations between genotypes and phenotypes, as well as novel metabolites with therapeutic potential are also explored in the context of cannabis breeding programs. However, further studies are needed to fully elucidate the complex metabolomic matrix of this crop. For this reason, some key points for future research activities are discussed, relying on multi-omics approaches.
大麻（Cannabis (L.)），又称麻类植物，是最古老的栽培作物之一，种植目的既在于其在纺织品和绳索生产中的用途，也在于其独特的化学特性。然而，由于规范大麻种植的法规限制，它并非一种特征明确的作物，尤其是在分子和遗传途径方面。直到最近，相关法规才开始足够放宽，允许更广泛地开展大麻研究，再加上大麻基因组序列的可得性，激发了科学界的兴趣。在本综述中，我们总结了大麻分子资源，重点关注最新且相关的基因组学、转录组学和代谢组学方法及研究。文中讨论了多组学方法，这种综合方法是一种强大的工具，可用于识别不同组学层面上生物过程与代谢途径之间的相关性，并更好地阐明大麻亚种之间的关系。在大麻育种计划的背景下，还探讨了基因型与表型之间的相关性以及具有治疗潜力的新型代谢物。然而，需要进一步研究以充分阐明这种作物复杂的代谢组学矩阵。因此，本文基于多组学方法讨论了未来研究活动的一些关键点。
