Javed Asif, Wiener Jakub, Saskova Jana, Müllerová Jana
Department of Material Engineering, Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic.
Department of Nanochemistry, Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Aug 21;14(16):3414. doi: 10.3390/polym14163414.
The aim of the present research work was to develop halogen and formaldehyde-free, durable flame retardant fabric along with multifunctional properties and to find the optimal conditions and parameters. In this research, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were grown onto 100% cotton fabric using the sonochemical method. Zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(CHCOO)·2HO) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were used as precursors. After ZnO NPs growth, N-Methylol dimethylphosphonopropionamide (MDPA) flame retardant was applied in the presence of 1, 2, 3, 4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) as cross-linkers using the conventional pad-dry-cure method. Induced coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) was used to determine the deposited amount of Zn and phosphorous (P) contents. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to determine the surface morphology and characterization of the developed samples. Furthermore, the thermal degradation of the untreated and treated samples was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Furthermore, the vertical flame retardant test, limiting oxygen index (LOI), ultraviolet protection factor (UPF), and antibacterial activity of samples were examined. The developed samples showed excellent results for flame retardancy (i.e., 39 mm char length, 0 s after flame time, 0 s after glow time), 32.2 LOI, 143.76 UPF, and 100% antibacterial activity.
本研究工作的目的是开发具有多功能特性的无卤无甲醛耐用阻燃织物，并找出最佳条件和参数。在本研究中，采用声化学方法在100%棉织物上生长氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO NPs）。使用二水合醋酸锌（Zn(CH₃COO)₂·2H₂O）和氢氧化钠（NaOH）作为前驱体。在ZnO NPs生长后，使用常规的轧染-烘干-焙烘方法，在作为交联剂的1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸（BTCA）存在的情况下施加N-羟甲基二甲基膦酰基丙酰胺（MDPA）阻燃剂。采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）测定锌和磷（P）的沉积量。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线粉末衍射（XRD）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）来确定所制备样品的表面形态和特征。此外，通过热重分析（TGA）研究未处理和处理后样品的热降解情况。此外，还对样品的垂直阻燃测试、极限氧指数（LOI）、紫外线防护系数（UPF）和抗菌活性进行了检测。所制备的样品在阻燃性方面表现出色（即炭长39毫米，续燃时间0秒，阴燃时间0秒），极限氧指数为32.2，紫外线防护系数为143.76，抗菌活性为100%。
