Naguib Hamdy M
Department of Petroleum Applications, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, 11727, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 26;15(1):18353. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-99556-x.
The use of natural and bio-based materials instead of petrochemicals is strongly recommended for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Here we aim to promote the environmentally friendly bio-based polyester (P), prepared from biomass, with natural Tung oil (TO) plasticizer and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) filler by 10-50%, and 3% to get a sustainable nanocomposite. The grafting altered the profile of neat P. Owing to insufficient contents, low concentrations have a slight impact, and high concentrations have more enhancements. The physical properties accompanied by curing of P/TO copolymer showed a decrease in viscosity, gelation time, and gelation-curing period for TO-based specimens, besides the lower heat emission during curing reaction, compared with that of P, by 3.4% and 4%, respectively, for P/TO-40 and P/TO-50 copolymers. The stability against exudation was promoted by 48.6%, where all concentrations of composites are more stable than P. P/TO-40 and P/TO-50 improved creep resistance by 62% and 88.1%, respectively, due to the stable surfaces. Furthermore, P/TO-50 concentration reduced hardness by 25%, but it was improved by ZnO NPs by 46.7%. Both TO plasticizer and nanofiller make the polymer capable of absorbing the flexural loading as a toughened composite. The proposed composites provide positive effects on the thermal behavior. Particularly, the P/TO-50 formula decreased the value of tan Delta by 35.5%; all composites increased T as well. The obtained data-results and SEM photos confirm the grafting and good distribution of TO plasticizer and ZnO NPs into P matrix through an improved and stable homogeneous bio-based polymer nanocomposite.
强烈建议使用天然和生物基材料替代石化产品以减少温室气体排放。在此，我们旨在推广由生物质制备的环保型生物基聚酯（P），其中天然桐油（TO）增塑剂和氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO NPs）填料的含量分别为10%至50%和3%，以获得可持续的纳米复合材料。接枝改变了纯P的性能。由于含量不足，低浓度影响较小，高浓度则有更多增强效果。与P相比，P/TO共聚物固化时的物理性能表明，基于TO的样品的粘度、凝胶化时间和凝胶化 - 固化期有所降低，此外固化反应期间的热排放也更低，P/TO - 40和P/TO - 50共聚物分别降低了3.4%和4%。渗出稳定性提高了48.6%，所有浓度的复合材料都比P更稳定。由于表面稳定，P/TO - 40和P/TO - 50分别将抗蠕变性提高了62%和88.1%。此外，P/TO - 50浓度使硬度降低了25%，但ZnO NPs使其提高了46.7%。TO增塑剂和纳米填料都使聚合物能够作为增韧复合材料吸收弯曲载荷。所提出的复合材料对热行为有积极影响。特别是，P/TO - 50配方使tan Delta值降低了35.5%；所有复合材料的T也有所提高。获得的数据结果和SEM照片证实了TO增塑剂和ZnO NPs通过改进的、稳定的均匀生物基聚合物纳米复合材料接枝并良好地分布在P基体中。
