意大利新冠疫情期间大学生在医疗环境中对疫苗及疫苗接种策略的态度和认知

Attitudes and Perceptions of University Students in Healthcare Settings towards Vaccines and Vaccinations Strategies during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in Italy.

作者信息

Bechini Angela, Vannacci Alfredo, Crescioli Giada, Lombardi Niccolò, Del Riccio Marco, Albora Giuseppe, Shtylla Jonida, Masoni Marco, Guelfi Maria Renza, Bonanni Paolo, Boccalini Sara

机构信息

Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy.

Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy.

出版信息

Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Aug 10;10(8):1288. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10081288.

DOI:10.3390/vaccines10081288

PMID:36016176

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9413643/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Healthcare students that refuse to get vaccinated may expose themselves and their patients to several vaccine-preventable diseases, especially during outbreaks or at peak epidemic activity, becoming a threat to themselves and their patients. This study aimed to assess their attitudes towards and perception of vaccines and vaccination.

METHODS

An anonymous questionnaire was shared with medical students, pharmacy students and medical residents in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine at the University of Florence (Italy), in February 2021. The questionnaire contained 39 questions with open, multi-choice, yes-no, Likert scale answers. A Vaccine Hesitancy Index (VHI) was then calculated. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed.

RESULTS

A total of 473 students participated in this study. All students were in favour of vaccination (99.2%) but a relatively low number of participants judged their level of knowledge about vaccinations as "good" (21.8%) or "excellent" (0.6%). About half of students declared that they are not adequately trained during their academic courses. The VHI showed low levels of vaccine hesitancy (mean ± SD 0.38 ± 0.16); moreover, the students were willing to get vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 when recommended (88.2%) and thought that these vaccines are generally safe. Few students considered the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines (13.1%) and the procedures for evaluating clinical trials for marketing authorisation of these vaccines (12.9%) too fast to guarantee their efficacy and safety.

CONCLUSIONS

Since vaccination and vaccine hesitancy and acceptance topics are being paid increasing attention by the population, new strategies to increase future healthcare professionals' willingness to promote vaccination and get vaccinated, as well as knowledge on vaccines and vaccination, will be of the utmost importance to fight vaccine preventable diseases.

摘要

背景

拒绝接种疫苗的医学生可能会使自己和患者面临多种可通过疫苗预防的疾病，尤其是在疫情爆发期间或流行高峰活动期间，这对他们自己和患者构成威胁。本研究旨在评估他们对疫苗和接种疫苗的态度及认知。

方法

2021年2月，向意大利佛罗伦萨大学卫生与预防医学专业的医学生、药学专业学生和住院医师发放了一份匿名问卷。问卷包含39个问题，答案类型有开放式、多项选择题、是非题、李克特量表式。然后计算疫苗犹豫指数（VHI）。进行了描述性统计分析。

结果

共有473名学生参与了本研究。所有学生都赞成接种疫苗（99.2%），但只有相对较少的参与者认为自己对疫苗接种的了解程度为“良好”（21.8%）或“优秀”（0.6%）。约一半的学生表示他们在学术课程中没有得到充分的培训。VHI显示疫苗犹豫程度较低（均值±标准差 0.38±0.16）；此外，当被建议接种时，学生们愿意接种新冠病毒疫苗（88.2%），并认为这些疫苗总体上是安全的。很少有学生认为新冠病毒疫苗的研发速度（13.1%）以及这些疫苗上市许可临床试验的评估程序（12.9%）太快，无法保证其有效性和安全性。