Khalid Mohammad, Alshishani Anas, Al-Ebini Yousef
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Asir-Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia.
Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Aug 19;10(8):1352. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10081352.
SARS-CoV-2 has RNA as the genome, which makes the virus more prone to mutations. Occasionally, mutations help a virus to cross the species barrier. SARS-CoV-2 infections in humans and minks () are examples of zoonotic spillover. Many studies on the mutational analysis of human-derived SARS-CoV-2 have been published, but insight into the mink-derived SARS-CoV-2 genome of mutations is still required. Here, we performed a mutation analysis of the mink-derived SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences. We analyzed all available full-length mink-derived SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences on GISAID (214 genome sequences from the Netherlands and 133 genome sequences from Denmark). We found a striking resemblance between human-derived and mink-derived SARS-CoV-2. Our study showed that mutation patterns in the SARS-CoV-2 genome samples from the Netherlands and Denmark were different. Out of the 201 mutations we found, only 13 mutations were shared by the Netherlands' and Denmark's mink-derived samples. We found that six mutations were prevalent in the mink-derived SARS-CoV-2 genomes, and these six mutations are also known to be prevalent in human-derived SARS-CoV-2 variants. Our study reveals that the G27948T mutation in SARS-CoV-2 leads to truncation of ORF8, which was also reported in human-derived SARS-CoV-2, thus indicating that the virus can replicate without the full-length ORF8. These resemblances between mink-derived and human-derived SARS-CoV-2 enable the virus to cross the species barrier and suggest mink a potential reservoir for the virus.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）以RNA作为基因组，这使得该病毒更容易发生突变。偶尔，突变会帮助病毒跨越物种屏障。人类和水貂感染SARS-CoV-2就是人畜共患病溢出的例子。已经发表了许多关于源自人类的SARS-CoV-2突变分析的研究，但仍需要深入了解源自水貂的SARS-CoV-2基因组的突变情况。在此，我们对源自水貂的SARS-CoV-2基因组序列进行了突变分析。我们分析了全球共享流感数据倡议组织（GISAID）上所有可用的全长源自水貂的SARS-CoV-2基因组序列（来自荷兰的214个基因组序列和来自丹麦的133个基因组序列）。我们发现源自人类和源自水貂的SARS-CoV-2之间存在惊人的相似之处。我们的研究表明，来自荷兰和丹麦的SARS-CoV-2基因组样本中的突变模式有所不同。在我们发现的201个突变中，荷兰和丹麦源自水貂的样本仅共有13个突变。我们发现有六个突变在源自水貂的SARS-CoV-2基因组中普遍存在，并且已知这六个突变在源自人类的SARS-CoV-2变体中也很普遍。我们的研究揭示，SARS-CoV-2中的G27948T突变会导致开放阅读框8（ORF8）截短，这在源自人类的SARS-CoV-2中也有报道，因此表明该病毒在没有全长ORF8的情况下也能复制。源自水貂和源自人类的SARS-CoV-2之间的这些相似之处使该病毒能够跨越物种屏障，并表明水貂是该病毒的潜在宿主。
