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源自人类和水貂的新冠病毒之间的基因组相似性使水貂成为该病毒的潜在宿主。

Genome Similarities between Human-Derived and Mink-Derived SARS-CoV-2 Make Mink a Potential Reservoir of the Virus.

作者信息

Khalid Mohammad, Alshishani Anas, Al-Ebini Yousef

机构信息

Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Asir-Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia.

Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan.

出版信息

Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Aug 19;10(8):1352. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10081352.

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 has RNA as the genome, which makes the virus more prone to mutations. Occasionally, mutations help a virus to cross the species barrier. SARS-CoV-2 infections in humans and minks () are examples of zoonotic spillover. Many studies on the mutational analysis of human-derived SARS-CoV-2 have been published, but insight into the mink-derived SARS-CoV-2 genome of mutations is still required. Here, we performed a mutation analysis of the mink-derived SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences. We analyzed all available full-length mink-derived SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences on GISAID (214 genome sequences from the Netherlands and 133 genome sequences from Denmark). We found a striking resemblance between human-derived and mink-derived SARS-CoV-2. Our study showed that mutation patterns in the SARS-CoV-2 genome samples from the Netherlands and Denmark were different. Out of the 201 mutations we found, only 13 mutations were shared by the Netherlands' and Denmark's mink-derived samples. We found that six mutations were prevalent in the mink-derived SARS-CoV-2 genomes, and these six mutations are also known to be prevalent in human-derived SARS-CoV-2 variants. Our study reveals that the G27948T mutation in SARS-CoV-2 leads to truncation of ORF8, which was also reported in human-derived SARS-CoV-2, thus indicating that the virus can replicate without the full-length ORF8. These resemblances between mink-derived and human-derived SARS-CoV-2 enable the virus to cross the species barrier and suggest mink a potential reservoir for the virus.

摘要

严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)以RNA作为基因组,这使得该病毒更容易发生突变。偶尔,突变会帮助病毒跨越物种屏障。人类和水貂感染SARS-CoV-2就是人畜共患病溢出的例子。已经发表了许多关于源自人类的SARS-CoV-2突变分析的研究,但仍需要深入了解源自水貂的SARS-CoV-2基因组的突变情况。在此,我们对源自水貂的SARS-CoV-2基因组序列进行了突变分析。我们分析了全球共享流感数据倡议组织(GISAID)上所有可用的全长源自水貂的SARS-CoV-2基因组序列(来自荷兰的214个基因组序列和来自丹麦的133个基因组序列)。我们发现源自人类和源自水貂的SARS-CoV-2之间存在惊人的相似之处。我们的研究表明,来自荷兰和丹麦的SARS-CoV-2基因组样本中的突变模式有所不同。在我们发现的201个突变中,荷兰和丹麦源自水貂的样本仅共有13个突变。我们发现有六个突变在源自水貂的SARS-CoV-2基因组中普遍存在,并且已知这六个突变在源自人类的SARS-CoV-2变体中也很普遍。我们的研究揭示,SARS-CoV-2中的G27948T突变会导致开放阅读框8(ORF8)截短,这在源自人类的SARS-CoV-2中也有报道,因此表明该病毒在没有全长ORF8的情况下也能复制。源自水貂和源自人类的SARS-CoV-2之间的这些相似之处使该病毒能够跨越物种屏障,并表明水貂是该病毒的潜在宿主。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/038e/9415835/a2d031c6726e/vaccines-10-01352-ch001.jpg

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