Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan.
Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Front Public Health. 2022 Aug 8;10:967733. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.967733. eCollection 2022.
Diabetes-related foot ulceration is prevalent and disabling, usually resulting in the amputation of the limb. The mortality rate is significant, and healed ulcers frequently reoccur. The main purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence of foot ulcers and their associated factors among diabetic patients in Punjab, Pakistan. Multistage cluster random sampling procedure was applied to perform a cross-sectional analysis in the state of Punjab, Pakistan. A sample of 1,503 people with diabetes, including 504 men and 999 women, were selected from different clusters. Data were collected from December 18, 2018, to June 30, 2019. Individuals of 18 years or above were selected. A binary multiple logistic regression analysis was utilized to find the factors associated with a diabetic foot ulcer. The overall prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers was 16.83% (95% CI: 14.9-18.7%). The prevalence among the female was 17.52% (95% CI: 15.2-19.9%), and the male was 15.48% (95% CI: 12.3-18.6%). In rural areas, prevalence was 13.91% (95% CI: 10.6-17.2%) compared to the prevalence of 17.96% (95% CI: 15.7-20.2%) in the urban area. Individuals 75 years and above had the highest prevalence of 66.67% (95% CI: 51.9-81.5%). According to the income status, subjects with monthly income above Rs. 61,000 had a prevalence of 24.24% (95% CI: 15.8-32.7%), and among overweight subjects was 25.49% (95% CI: 21.3-29.7%). This study found a relatively high prevalence of foot ulcers in Punjab, Pakistan. The results indicate that diabetic foot ulcers have become a major health problem in diabetic patients, and better strategies and preventive measures should be opted to deal with the epidemic.
糖尿病相关的足部溃疡普遍存在且具有致残性，通常会导致肢体截肢。其死亡率较高，且愈合的溃疡经常复发。本研究的主要目的是探讨巴基斯坦旁遮普邦糖尿病患者中足部溃疡的患病率及其相关因素。本研究采用多阶段聚类随机抽样程序在巴基斯坦旁遮普邦进行横断面分析。从不同的聚类中抽取了 1503 名糖尿病患者，包括 504 名男性和 999 名女性。数据收集于 2018 年 12 月 18 日至 2019 年 6 月 30 日。选择 18 岁及以上的个体。采用二元多项逻辑回归分析来发现与糖尿病足溃疡相关的因素。糖尿病足溃疡的总患病率为 16.83%（95%CI：14.9-18.7%）。女性患病率为 17.52%（95%CI：15.2-19.9%），男性为 15.48%（95%CI：12.3-18.6%）。农村地区的患病率为 13.91%（95%CI：10.6-17.2%），而城市地区的患病率为 17.96%（95%CI：15.7-20.2%）。75 岁及以上的个体患病率最高，为 66.67%（95%CI：51.9-81.5%）。根据收入状况，月收入超过 61000 卢比的患者患病率为 24.24%（95%CI：15.8-32.7%），超重患者的患病率为 25.49%（95%CI：21.3-29.7%）。本研究发现巴基斯坦旁遮普邦的足部溃疡患病率相对较高。结果表明，糖尿病足溃疡已成为糖尿病患者的一个主要健康问题，应选择更好的策略和预防措施来应对这一流行。
