Wei Wenqiang, Bai Lu, Yan Bing, Meng Weiquan, Wang Hongju, Zhai Jingbo, Si Fusheng, Zheng Chunfu
Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infection and Biological Safety, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
Front Immunol. 2022 Aug 9;13:985622. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.985622. eCollection 2022.
Eukaryotic cells have both membranous and membraneless organelles. While the formation mechanism of membranous organelles is well understood, the formation mechanism of membraneless organelles remains unknown. Many biomolecules in the cytoplasm transition from the liquid phase to the agglutinated phase are known as liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). The biomolecular agglomerates' physical properties enable them to function as dynamic compartments that respond to external pressures and stimuli. Scientists have gradually recognized the importance of phase separation during viral infections. LLPS provides a powerful new framework for understanding the viral life cycle from viral replication to evasion of host immune surveillance. As a result, this review focuses on the progress of LLPS research in viral infection and immune regulation to provide clues for antiviral therapeutic strategies.
真核细胞既有膜性细胞器，也有无膜细胞器。虽然膜性细胞器的形成机制已为人熟知，但无膜细胞器的形成机制仍然未知。细胞质中的许多生物分子从液相转变为凝集相，这一过程被称为液-液相分离（LLPS）。生物分子聚集体的物理特性使其能够作为动态区室发挥作用，以应对外部压力和刺激。科学家们逐渐认识到相分离在病毒感染过程中的重要性。液-液相分离为理解从病毒复制到逃避宿主免疫监视的病毒生命周期提供了一个强大的新框架。因此，本综述重点关注液-液相分离在病毒感染和免疫调节方面的研究进展，为抗病毒治疗策略提供线索。
