Yang Can, Wang Wenlong, Tang Xiaowu, Huang Ruilin, Li Fengna, Su Wenxuan, Yin Yulong, Wen Chaoyue, Liu Jian
College of Life Sciences and Environment, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization in Nanyue Mountain Area, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, Hunan 421008, China.
Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Science, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.
Anim Nutr. 2022 Jun 18;11:15-24. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.06.006. eCollection 2022 Dec.
To study the effects of dietary energy level on the meat quality of different muscles in finishing pigs, 400 Xiangcun Black pigs (BW = 79.55 ± 4.77 kg) were randomly assigned to 5 treatments with varied calculated digestive energy (DE) at 3,050, 3,100, 3,150, 3,200 and 3,250 kcal/kg, respectively. Each treatment had 8 replicates with 10 pigs per replicate. Meat quality, amino acid and fatty acid composition were tested in this study. No differences in average daily gain, average daily feed intake or feed-to-gain ratio ( > 0.05) were observed among dietary treatments. Glycogen concentrations of longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle in DE3150 was higher than those in other groups ( < 0.05). The crude fat concentration of biceps femoris (BF) muscle in DE3250 tended to be higher than that in DE3150 and DE3100 groups ( < 0.05). Pigs in DE3250 and DE3200 had higher fiber density and smaller cross-sectional area of BF muscle than those in DE3150 ( < 0.05). Pigs in DE3150 had the highest Cu concentration in LD muscle compared with those in DE3200, DE3250 ( < 0.05). The C16:1 proportion of LD muscle was lower ( < 0.01) and C20:1 was higher ( < 0.05) in DE3050 than that in the other dietary treatments. The C18:3n6 and C20:3n6 proportions of BF muscle in DE3150 were higher than those in DE 3050, DE3200 and DE3250 ( < 0.05). For LD muscle, mRNA expressions of type and in group DE3150 were higher than other treatments ( < 0.01). The LD muscle in DE3150 expressed higher than in other groups ( < 0.01). Pigs in DE3100 expressed higher than in DE3200 and DE3250 ( < 0.05). Sterol-regulatory element binding proteins () mRNA expression decreased linearly when dietary energy level increased in BF muscle ( < 0.01). In conclusion, a 200 kcal/kg decrease in digestible energy for 4 consecutive weeks did not affect growth performance of Xiangcun Black pigs. Furthermore, LD and BF muscle respond differently to dietary energy level, and meat quality was improved by the medium energy level during the finishing phase.
为研究日粮能量水平对育肥猪不同肌肉肉质的影响，将400头湘村黑猪（体重=79.55±4.77千克）随机分为5组，分别给予不同计算消化能（DE）水平的日粮，分别为3050、3100、3150、3200和3250千卡/千克。每组8个重复，每个重复10头猪。本研究测定了肉质、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成。各日粮处理间平均日增重、平均日采食量或料重比均无差异（P>0.05）。DE3150组背最长肌（LD）糖原浓度高于其他组（P<0.05）。DE3250组股二头肌（BF）粗脂肪浓度有高于DE3150和DE3100组的趋势（P<0.05）。DE3250和DE3200组猪的BF肌纤维密度高于DE3150组，横截面积小于DE3150组（P<0.05）。与DE3200、DE3250组相比，DE3150组猪LD肌铜浓度最高（P<0.05）。DE3050组LD肌中C16:1比例低于其他日粮处理（P<0.01），C20:1比例高于其他日粮处理（P<0.05）。DE3150组BF肌中C18:3n6和C20:3n6比例高于DE3050、DE3200和DE3250组（P<0.05）。对于LD肌，DE3150组Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型mRNA表达高于其他处理（P<0.01）。DE3150组LD肌中Ⅱ型表达高于其他组（P<0.01）。DE3100组猪Ⅱ型表达高于DE照3200和DE3250组（P<0.05）。随着日粮能量水平升高，BF肌中固醇调节元件结合蛋白（SREBP）mRNA表达呈线性下降（P<0.01）。综上所述，连续4周可消化能量降低200千卡/千克对湘村黑猪生长性能无影响。此外，LD肌和BF肌对日粮能量水平反应不同，育肥期中等能量水平可改善肉质。
