Zou Sen, Sun Changchao, Li Feng, Xie Yingjie, Liang Tong, Yang Yuqing, Shi Baoming, Ma Qingquan, Shi Zhuo, Chai Sa, Shan Anshan
College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Sep 2;12(17):2280. doi: 10.3390/ani12172280.
To investigate the effect of gardenia pomace (GP) as an unconventional feed of antioxidants, 180 Xiangcun pigs were randomly divided into 3 groups during the finishing period, with 6 replicates per group and 10 pigs per replicate. During the 47-day feeding period, the pigs were fed either a control diet based on corn and soybean meal (control group), or the control diet added with 50 g/kg or 100 g/kg GP (groups GP5 and GP10, respectively). Feed and water were provided ad libitum. One pig per replicate was slaughtered and sampled. The effects on growth performance, meat quality, digestibility, metabolism, and immunity and antioxidant properties of the pigs were investigated. The results showed that GP had no significant effect on the growth performance of Xiangcun pigs. Compared with the control group, the digestibility of crude ash, phosphorus, and crude fibre of pigs in the GP groups improved (p < 0.01), and the content of inosinic acid in the longissimus dorsi muscle increased (p < 0.05). The addition of GP to the diet significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in the liver and spleen, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in the longissimus dorsi muscle and spleen (p < 0.05). Additionally, it significantly reduced the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver and spleen (p < 0.05). The GP5 group had a higher inosinic acid content in the longissimus dorsi and lower levels of the inflammatory factor interleukin-2 and interleukin-8 than those in the other groups (p < 0.05). The GP10 group had a higher IgA level (p < 0.05). Adding different proportions of GP to the diet improved the a* and b* of the longissimus dorsi muscles of Xiangcun pigs (p < 0.05). In summary, GP, as an unconventional feed, improved the apparent digestibility of the diet and body antioxidant capacity in Xiangcun pigs during the finishing period and did not negatively affect the growth performance or meat quality.
为研究栀子渣（GP）作为非常规抗氧化剂饲料的效果，在育肥期将180头湘村猪随机分为3组，每组6个重复，每个重复10头猪。在47天的饲养期内，给猪饲喂基于玉米和豆粕的对照日粮（对照组），或添加50 g/kg或100 g/kg GP的对照日粮（分别为GP5组和GP10组）。自由采食和饮水。每个重复屠宰1头猪并取样。研究了对猪生长性能、肉质、消化率、代谢以及免疫和抗氧化特性的影响。结果表明，GP对湘村猪的生长性能无显著影响。与对照组相比，GP组猪的粗灰分、磷和粗纤维消化率提高（p<0.01），背最长肌中肌苷酸含量增加（p<0.05）。日粮中添加GP显著提高了肝脏和脾脏中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平以及背最长肌和脾脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性（p<0.05）。此外，它显著降低了肝脏和脾脏中丙二醛（MDA）的含量（p<0.05）。GP5组背最长肌中肌苷酸含量较高，炎症因子白细胞介素-2和白细胞介素-8水平低于其他组（p<0.05）。GP10组IgA水平较高（p<0.05）。日粮中添加不同比例的GP改善了湘村猪背最长肌的a和b值（p<0.05）。综上所述，GP作为一种非常规饲料，在育肥期提高了湘村猪日粮的表观消化率和机体抗氧化能力，且对生长性能和肉质无负面影响。
