Division of Prevention, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
Division of Behavioral Sciences, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2022 Aug 26;12(1):14606. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-18853-x.
Due to recent increases in cancer burden worldwide, we investigated current awareness of cancer risk factors and the association between information sources and health behaviors for cancer prevention in Japan. A nationwide representative sample aged 20 years or older (563 men and 653 women) responded to a questionnaire as part of a population-based survey in December 2018. Tobacco smoking (55.7% of the mean attributable fraction of cancer risk overall) and cancer-causing infection (52.0%) were regarded more highly than other lifestyle factors as causes of cancer (obesity [36.6%], physical inactivity [31.9%], unbalanced diet [30.9%], and alcohol consumption [26.2%]). The association between information sources and health behaviors for cancer prevention was evaluated using a logistic regression model. The websites of public institutions, and health professionals were associated with a broad range of health behaviors including improving diet, exercise, cancer screening/health check-up, and abstinence from smoking/drinking. Among sources of print media, positive associations were observed between books and improving diet/exercise, brochures and cancer screening/health check-up, and advertisements and abstinence from smoking/drinking. A strategic health communication approach that utilizes various information sources and delivery channels is needed to inform the public about cancer prevention and to motivate risk-reducing behaviors in the population.
由于全球癌症负担的增加，我们调查了日本目前对癌症危险因素的认识，以及信息来源与癌症预防健康行为之间的关系。在 2018 年 12 月，作为一项基于人群的调查的一部分，年龄在 20 岁或以上的全国代表性样本（563 名男性和 653 名女性）回答了一份问卷。吸烟（占癌症风险归因分数均值的 55.7%）和致癌感染（52.0%）被认为比其他生活方式因素（肥胖[36.6%]、缺乏身体活动[31.9%]、饮食不均衡[30.9%]和饮酒[26.2%]）更能导致癌症。使用逻辑回归模型评估了信息来源与癌症预防健康行为之间的关系。公共机构和卫生专业人员的网站与广泛的健康行为相关，包括改善饮食、运动、癌症筛查/健康检查以及戒烟/戒酒。在印刷媒体来源中，书籍与改善饮食/运动、小册子与癌症筛查/健康检查以及广告与戒烟/戒酒之间存在正相关。需要采用战略性健康传播方法，利用各种信息来源和传播渠道，向公众宣传癌症预防知识，并激励民众采取降低风险的行为。
