Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Front Immunol. 2022 Aug 12;13:974066. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.974066. eCollection 2022.
Immune response in the asthmatic respiratory tract is mainly driven by CD4 T helper (Th) cells, represented by Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, especially Th2 cells. Asthma is a heterogeneous and progressive disease, reflected by distinct phenotypes orchestrated by τh2 or non-Th2 (Th1 and Th17) immune responses at different stages of the disease course. Heterogeneous cytokine expression within the same Th effector state in response to changing conditions and interlineage relationship among CD4 T cells shape the complex immune networks of the inflammatory airway, making it difficult to find one panacea for all asthmatics. Here, we review the role of three T helper subsets in the pathogenesis of asthma from different stages, highlighting timing is everything in the immune system. We also discuss the dynamic topography of Th subsets and pathogenetic memory Th cells in asthma.
哮喘呼吸道中的免疫反应主要由 CD4 T 辅助（Th）细胞驱动，代表细胞包括 Th1、Th2 和 Th17 细胞，尤其是 Th2 细胞。哮喘是一种异质性和进行性疾病，反映了在疾病过程的不同阶段由 Th2 或非-Th2（Th1 和 Th17）免疫反应协调的不同表型。在同一 Th 效应状态中，由于条件变化而导致的细胞因子表达的异质性以及 CD4 T 细胞之间的谱系关系，构成了炎症性气道的复杂免疫网络，这使得很难为所有哮喘患者找到一种万能的治疗方法。在这里，我们从不同阶段回顾了三种 Th 辅助细胞亚群在哮喘发病机制中的作用，强调了免疫系统中时间就是一切。我们还讨论了哮喘中 Th 细胞亚群和致病性记忆 Th 细胞的动态拓扑结构。
