Zeigermann Ulrike, Ettelt Stefanie
Institute of Political Science and Sociology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität of Würzburg, Wittelsbacherplatz 1, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH UK.
Sustain Sci. 2023;18(2):809-821. doi: 10.1007/s11625-022-01187-y. Epub 2022 Aug 23.
Current crises have highlighted the importance of integrating research, politics and practice to work on solutions for complex social problems. In recent years, and to mobilise science to produce solutions, help create popular support and guide implementation of policies addressing major public policy problems. Yet, we know little about how these approaches manage to transcend the boundaries between research, politics and practice. By systematically comparing policy deliberation fora, policy pilots and policy labs, this paper explores their mechanisms of boundary spanning including relationship and trust building, knowledge translation and developing solutions. We situate our analysis in healthcare policy and climate change policy in Germany, two contrasting policy fields that share a perpetual and escalating sense of crisis. Our findings suggest that deliberation fora, policy pilots and policy labs address different dilemmas of policymaking, namely the idea dilemma, the implementation dilemma and the legitimacy dilemma. All three approaches reduce wicked problems to a manageable scale, by grounding them in local decision-making, reducing their scope or reducing the problem analytically. We argue that despite their ambition to modernise democratic practices, unless they are institutionally well embedded, their effects are likely to be small scale, local and temporary.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11625-022-01187-y.
当前的危机凸显了整合研究、政治和实践以解决复杂社会问题的重要性。近年来，人们呼吁动员科学来提供解决方案，帮助赢得公众支持并指导解决重大公共政策问题的政策实施。然而，我们对这些方法如何跨越研究、政治和实践之间的界限知之甚少。通过系统比较政策审议论坛、政策试点和政策实验室，本文探讨了它们跨越边界的机制，包括关系和信任建立、知识转化以及解决方案的制定。我们将分析置于德国的医疗保健政策和气候变化政策中，这两个截然不同的政策领域都存在持续且不断升级的危机感。我们的研究结果表明，审议论坛、政策试点和政策实验室解决了决策过程中的不同困境，即理念困境、实施困境和合法性困境。所有这三种方法都通过将棘手问题置于地方决策之中、缩小其范围或从分析角度简化问题，将棘手问题简化到可管理的规模。我们认为，尽管它们有志于使民主实践现代化，但除非在制度上得到良好嵌入，否则其效果可能是小规模的、局部的和暂时的。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s11625 - 022 - 01187 - y获取的补充材料。
