Fichtner Urs A, Maun Andy, Farin-Glattacker Erik
Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Section of Health Care Research and Rehabilitation Research, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
Department for General Practice, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2022 Aug 11;13:956674. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.956674. eCollection 2022.
This study aimed to translate the negative and positive items of the Psychological Consequences Questionnaire (PCQ) into German, to adapt this version to the context of screening for cirrhosis and fibrosis of the liver, and to test its psychometric properties.
The three subscales (physical, emotional, and social) were translated into German using a forward-backward translation method. Furthermore, we adapted the wording to the context of liver diseases. In sum, the PCQ comprises twelve negative items and ten positive items. We tested the acceptability, distribution properties, internal consistency, scale structure, and the convergent validity using an analysis sample of 443 patients who were screened for cirrhosis or fibrosis of the liver.
We found low non-response and non-unique answer rates on the PCQ items in general. However, positive items had higher non-response rates. All items showed strong floor effects. McDonald's Omega was high for both the negative (ω = 0.95) and the positive PCQ scale (ω = 0.90), as well as for the total PCQ scale (ω = 0.86). Confirmatory factor analysis could reproduce the three dimensions that the PCQ intends to measure. However, it suggests not summing up a total PCQ score and instead treat the subscales separately considering a higher order overall construct. Convergent validity with the short form of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y-6) was acceptable.
Overall, our study results report a successful adaptation of the German PCQ with good performance in terms of acceptability, internal consistency, scale structure, and convergent validity. Floor-effects limit the content validity of the PCQ, which needs to be addressed in future research. However, the German version of the PCQ is a useful measurement for both negative and positive screening consequences - even in a non-cancer setting.
本研究旨在将心理后果问卷（PCQ）的消极和积极项目翻译成德语，使其适用于肝硬化和肝纤维化筛查的背景，并测试其心理测量特性。
使用前后翻译法将三个子量表（身体、情感和社会）翻译成德语。此外，我们调整了措辞以适应肝脏疾病的背景。总之，PCQ包括12个消极项目和10个积极项目。我们使用443名接受肝硬化或肝纤维化筛查的患者作为分析样本，测试了其可接受性、分布特性、内部一致性、量表结构和收敛效度。
总体而言，我们发现PCQ项目的无应答率和非唯一答案率较低。然而，积极项目的无应答率较高。所有项目均显示出强烈的地板效应。PCQ消极量表（ω = 0.95）、积极量表（ω = 0.90）以及总PCQ量表（ω = 0.86）的麦克唐纳ω系数都很高。验证性因素分析能够重现PCQ想要测量的三个维度。然而，它建议不要计算PCQ总分，而是在考虑更高阶总体结构的情况下分别处理子量表。与斯皮尔伯格状态-特质焦虑量表简版（STAI-Y-6）的收敛效度可接受。
总体而言，我们的研究结果表明德国版PCQ改编成功，在可接受性、内部一致性、量表结构和收敛效度方面表现良好。地板效应限制了PCQ的内容效度，这需要在未来的研究中加以解决。然而，德国版PCQ对于消极和积极筛查后果都是一种有用的测量工具——即使在非癌症环境中也是如此。
