Lee Wan Ling, Chinna Karuthan, Lim Abdullah Khatijah, Zainal Abidin Imran
Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
Int J Nurs Pract. 2019 Feb;25(1):e12715. doi: 10.1111/ijn.12715. Epub 2018 Dec 4.
To investigate semantic equivalence between two translated versions of the heart quality of life (HeartQoL) questionnaire produced by the forward-backward and dual-panel methods.
The forward-backward and dual-panel versions of HeartQoL were self-administered among 60 participants who met the inclusion criteria of being a native Bahasa Malaysia-speaking Malay, aged 18 and older, having an indexed diagnosis of ischaemic heart disease and being cognitively fit. The administration sequence of the two versions was randomized. Additionally, three sociolinguists, who were blinded to translation processes and survey findings, rated the translated versions against the source version on three aspects of semantic equivalence.
Textual content in both translated versions was considerably similar (n = 9/14 items, ≈64%). The overall results from weighted kappa, raw agreement, intraclass correlations, and Wilcoxon signed-rank as well as experts' ratings were confirmative of semantic equivalence between the forward-backward and dual-panel versions of the HeartQoL. However, some mixed findings were indicative of potential gaps in both translated versions against the source version.
Both the forward-backward and dual-panel methods produced semantically equivalent versions of HeartQoL; but translation alone is insufficient to narrow the subtle gaps caused by differences in culture and linguistic style.
研究通过前后翻译法和双审法生成的心脏生活质量（HeartQoL）问卷两个翻译版本之间的语义等效性。
HeartQoL的前后翻译版本和双审版本由60名符合纳入标准的参与者自行填写，这些参与者为以马来语为母语的马来西亚人，年龄在18岁及以上，有缺血性心脏病的索引诊断且认知功能正常。两个版本的施测顺序是随机的。此外，三名对翻译过程和调查结果不知情的社会语言学家，从语义等效性的三个方面将翻译版本与源版本进行了评分。
两个翻译版本的文本内容相当相似（n = 9/14项，约64%）。加权kappa、原始一致性、组内相关性、Wilcoxon符号秩检验的总体结果以及专家评分均证实了HeartQoL前后翻译版本和双审版本之间的语义等效性。然而，一些混合结果表明两个翻译版本与源版本之间可能存在差距。
前后翻译法和双审法都产生了语义等效的HeartQoL版本；但仅靠翻译不足以缩小文化和语言风格差异所造成的细微差距。
