Thiam Fatou, Fall Cheikh Bintou, Gaye Papa M, Senghor Bruno, Diamanka Arfang, Wotodjo Amélé N, Abotsi Kokou, Parola Philippe, Faye Babacar, Sokhna Cheikh, Sow Doudou, Doucouré Souleymane
VITROME, IRD-UCAD International Campus of the Institute of Research for Development, Dakar, Senegal.
Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar, Senegal.
Heliyon. 2022 Aug 19;8(8):e10289. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10289. eCollection 2022 Aug.
The control of snails intermediate hosts remains an effective strategy to limit schistosomiasis transmission despite the widespread mass de-worming campaign based on praziquantel. Therefore, the study of snail biology could help to improve snails control strategies. This study evaluated the development of , and in various water sources and their resistance to salinity.
Five day-old juveniles individuals issued from adult snails non-shedding cercariae were breed in distilled water, commercial mineral water, ground pump water and well water. Snail's survival rate and size were measured over a period of 40 days. These two parameters were also measured over 30 days in increasing saline solutions (1 g/l, 3.5 g/l and 4 g/l) made of well water to which sodium chloride was added.
growth was not hampered by any water sources with a survival rate between 68% and 84% (log rank X = 1.86, df = 3, p = 0.60). Despite a poor survival rate (8%) in distilled water, , has adapted to other water sources with a survival fraction between 88% and 96% (log rank X = 61.94, df = 3, p < 0.0001). development was very delicate with low survival rate of 4% in distilled water, 20% in well water and 24% in commercial mineral water and ground pump water (log rank X = 13.24, df = 3, p = 0,004). For each species, even if the difference is not significant, the size of snails is larger with well water and pump water compared to distilled and commercial mineral water. survival rate was at 45% in both three saline solutions at day 30. population collapsed at day 10 in 4 g/l saline solution and persisted until day 30 in both 1.5 g/l and 3.5 g/l solution. also persisted with a survival rate at 20% in 1.5 g/l but collapsed at day 5 and 15 in 4 g/l and 3.5 g/l solution, respectively.
The differences in adaptation between snails species show the need to take into account the water sources for snail breeding in the laboratory. Further studies could help to determine the optimal water quality for each snail species in order to standardize breeding conditions. This study could contribute to the understanding of the dynamics and distribution of snails in natural conditions.
尽管基于吡喹酮开展了广泛的大规模驱虫运动，但控制作为中间宿主的蜗牛仍然是限制血吸虫病传播的有效策略。因此，对蜗牛生物学的研究有助于改进蜗牛控制策略。本研究评估了[具体蜗牛种类1]、[具体蜗牛种类2]和[具体蜗牛种类3]在不同水源中的发育情况及其对盐度的耐受性。
将成年蜗牛产出的未排出尾蚴的5日龄幼体分别饲养在蒸馏水、市售矿泉水、地面泵抽水和井水中。在40天的时间内测量蜗牛的存活率和大小。在由井水添加氯化钠制成的盐度递增溶液（1克/升、3.5克/升和4克/升）中，同样在30天内测量这两个参数。
[具体蜗牛种类1]的生长未受到任何水源的阻碍，存活率在68%至84%之间（对数秩检验X = 1.86，自由度 = 3，p = 0.60）。尽管在蒸馏水中存活率较低（8%），但[具体蜗牛种类2]已适应其他水源，存活率在88%至96%之间（对数秩检验X = 61.94，自由度 = 3，p < 0.0001）。[具体蜗牛种类3]的发育非常脆弱，在蒸馏水中存活率为4%，在井水中为20%，在市售矿泉水和地面泵抽水中为24%（对数秩检验X = 13.24，自由度 = 3，p = 0.004）。对于每种蜗牛，即使差异不显著，但与蒸馏水和市售矿泉水相比，用井水和泵抽水饲养的蜗牛体型更大。在第30天时，三种盐溶液中的[具体蜗牛种类1]存活率均为45%。[具体蜗牛种类2]种群在4克/升盐溶液中于第10天崩溃，而在1.5克/升和3.5克/升溶液中持续到第30天。[具体蜗牛种类3]在1.5克/升盐溶液中也能存活，存活率为20%，但在4克/升和3.5克/升溶液中分别于第5天和第15天崩溃。
蜗牛种类之间的适应差异表明，在实验室中进行蜗牛饲养时需要考虑水源。进一步的研究有助于确定每种蜗牛的最佳水质，以规范饲养条件。本研究有助于理解自然条件下蜗牛的动态变化和分布情况。
