Schuler Brittany R, Vazquez Christian E, Kobulsky Julia M, Dumenci Levent
School of Social Work, College of Public Health, Temple University, 1311 Cecil B Moore Ave., Ritter Annex 5th floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 6019, USA.
SSM Popul Health. 2022 Aug 13;19:101197. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101197. eCollection 2022 Sep.
Weight status has been linked to adverse childhood experiences. Existing research, however, is limited to unidimensional assessments of cumulative risk and does not account for the complex nature of adversity experienced by children in high-risk settings. We fill existing gaps by assessing how four subtypes of adversity across two primary dimensions of threat and deprivation-based adversity are associated with changes in body mass index (BMI) across child ages 3 through 15 years.
U.S. mothers and fathers ( = 2412) in the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study were interviewed when children were born, and again at ages 1, 3, 5, 9, and 15 years. Independent variables include interpersonal (e.g., domestic violence), family (e.g., mental health), economic (e.g., housing insecurity), and community (e.g., witness/victim of violence) adversity from ages 1 through 9 years. Path analysis regressed changes in BMIz from ages 3 through 15 on past adversity exposures.
Increased interpersonal and community adversity subtypes from ages 3 to 5 were associated with decreased BMIz from ages 5-9 years. Increased economic adversity from age 3 to 5 was associated with increased BMIz from ages 5 to 9, adjusted for mother age, race, and education.
Findings highlight the differential influence of past adversity type and timing on child BMI. Interpersonal and community adversity were associated with decreased BMIz, and economic adversity with increased BMIz. Differences in directionality of associations suggest research should capture multiple dimensions of adversity in early childhood and possible positive and negative trends in effects on child weight as children grow from early to mid-childhood.
体重状况与儿童期不良经历有关。然而，现有研究仅限于对累积风险的单维度评估，并未考虑高危环境中儿童所经历逆境的复杂性。我们通过评估基于威胁和剥夺的逆境这两个主要维度的四种逆境亚型如何与3至15岁儿童的体重指数（BMI）变化相关联，来填补现有空白。
在脆弱家庭与儿童福祉研究中，对2412名美国父母在孩子出生时、以及孩子1岁、3岁、5岁、9岁和15岁时进行了访谈。自变量包括1至9岁时的人际（如家庭暴力）、家庭（如心理健康）、经济（如住房不安全）和社区（如暴力目击者/受害者）逆境。路径分析将3至15岁BMIz的变化回归到过去的逆境暴露情况。
3至5岁人际和社区逆境亚型增加与5至9岁BMIz降低相关。在调整母亲年龄、种族和教育程度后，3至5岁经济逆境增加与5至9岁BMIz增加相关。
研究结果突出了过去逆境类型和时机对儿童BMI的不同影响。人际和社区逆境与BMIz降低相关，经济逆境与BMIz增加相关。关联方向的差异表明，研究应捕捉幼儿期逆境的多个维度，以及儿童从幼儿期到童年中期成长过程中对儿童体重影响的可能的正负趋势。
