Medical School, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, PO Box X2213, Perth, Western Australia, 6847, Australia.
Curr Hypertens Rep. 2019 Sep 7;21(10):79. doi: 10.1007/s11906-019-0984-1.
To examine outstanding issues in the relationship of alcohol to hypertension. These include whether the increase in BP with alcohol is causally related, the nature of the relationship in women, the contribution of alcohol-related increases in BP to cardiovascular disease and the aetiology of alcohol-related hypertension.
Intervention studies and Mendelian randomisation analyses confirm the alcohol-BP relationship is causal. The concept that low-level alcohol intake reduces BP in women is increasingly unsustainable. Alcohol-related hypertension is in the causal pathway between alcohol use and increased risk for several cardiovascular outcomes. The aetiology of alcohol-related hypertension is multifactorial with recent data highlighting the effects of alcohol on the vasoconstrictor 20-HETE and oxidative stress. The high prevalence of both alcohol use and hypertension mandates a careful alcohol history in every patient with elevated BP. Early intervention for excessive alcohol use offers the promise of lower levels of BP and reduced risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
探讨酒精与高血压关系中存在的悬而未决的问题。这些问题包括：酒精引起血压升高是否存在因果关系，女性中这种关系的本质，酒精引起的血压升高对心血管疾病的贡献，以及酒精性高血压的病因。
干预研究和孟德尔随机分析证实了酒精与血压的关系是因果关系。低水平饮酒可降低女性血压的观点越来越站不住脚。酒精性高血压是酒精使用与多种心血管结局风险增加之间的因果关系途径。酒精性高血压的病因是多因素的，最近的数据强调了酒精对血管收缩剂 20-HETE 和氧化应激的影响。饮酒和高血压的高患病率都要求对每个血压升高的患者进行仔细的饮酒史询问。对过度饮酒进行早期干预有望降低血压水平，并降低不良心血管结局的风险。
