Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Science, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Faculty of Health Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.
Pan Afr Med J. 2022 Jun 10;42:114. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2022.42.114.33195. eCollection 2022.
children infected with HIV are at increased risk of impaired neurodevelopmental, due to several environmental factors.
we conducted a cross-sectional analytical study on HIV-infected children aged 12 to 59 months, followed up in five hospitals in Yaounde, Cameroon. Sociodemographic, clinical, and biological variables as well as the antecedents were collected. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 software. The Denver test was used to assess the psychomotor development of these children. Global psychomotor delay, defined as a global development quotient of less than 70 with an alteration in at least two of the four domains of the test, was retained as the primary endpoint. The significance threshold was set at 5%.
one hundred and eighty-one children were included in the study. The sex ratio was 0.6. The age range 48-59 months was the most represented. None of these children had a known chronic pathology other than HIV infection. The proportion of global psychomotor delay was 11.04%, with language (16%) and fine motor skills (16%) being the most affected domains of psychomotor development. The independent factors significantly associated with global psychomotor delay were birth weight below 2500 grams (OR= 17.61 [1.76-181.39], p= 0.022), growth retardation (OR= 17.64 [1.63-190.24], p= 0.018) and elevated viral load (OR= 22.75 [2.78-186.02], p= 0.004).
psychomotor delay affects about one out of ten children living with HIV. Its occurrence is linked to various factors that must be taken into account in the development of public health policies in connection with the management of HIV infection in children.
由于多种环境因素的影响，感染 HIV 的儿童神经发育受损的风险增加。
我们对喀麦隆雅温得的五家医院的 12 至 59 个月大的 HIV 感染儿童进行了一项横断面分析研究。收集了社会人口统计学、临床和生物学变量以及发病情况。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）第 25 版软件进行数据分析。使用丹佛测试评估这些儿童的精神运动发育情况。保留全球精神运动发育迟缓作为主要终点，定义为总体发育商低于 70 且测试的四个领域中至少有两个发生改变。显著性阈值设为 5%。
共有 181 名儿童纳入研究。男女比例为 0.6。年龄在 48-59 个月的儿童比例最高。除了 HIV 感染外，这些儿童均无其他已知慢性疾病。全球精神运动发育迟缓的比例为 11.04%，语言（16%）和精细运动技能（16%）是精神运动发育受影响最严重的领域。与全球精神运动发育迟缓显著相关的独立因素是出生体重低于 2500 克（OR=17.61 [1.76-181.39]，p=0.022）、生长迟缓（OR=17.64 [1.63-190.24]，p=0.018）和高病毒载量（OR=22.75 [2.78-186.02]，p=0.004）。
约十分之一的感染 HIV 的儿童存在精神运动发育迟缓。其发生与各种因素有关，在制定与儿童 HIV 感染管理相关的公共卫生政策时必须考虑这些因素。
