Behera Shyambhavee, Chhabra Pragti, Rajoura O P
Department of Community Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2022 Apr-Jun;47(2):266-271. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_603_21. Epub 2022 Jul 11.
The burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and their risk factors among the underprivileged women of the urban areas are expected to increase. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence and sociodemographic predictors of these risk factors.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 370 women between 25 and 64 years in an urbanized village of India. Risk factors for NCDs were assessed using the WHO STEPS instrument. To determine the sociodemographic predictors of these risk factors binary logistic regression was used.
The prevalence of tobacco consumption, physical inactivity, and insufficient fruit and vegetable intake, overweight, and obesity was found to be 18.3%, 61.6%, 96.5%, 27.6%, and 5.9%, respectively. Raised blood pressure, blood glucose, and cholesterol were found to be present in 23%, 22%, and 42%, respectively. Older age was found to be a significant predictor of tobacco consumption, physical inactivity, raised blood pressure, and raised blood glucose.
The current study reported a high prevalence of physical inactivity and insufficient fruit and vegetable intake, with age being a significant predictor of the majority of risk factors. Thus, arises the need for programs and policies tailored toward addressing the local needs, targeted toward older women.
城市贫困女性中非传染性疾病（NCDs）及其危险因素的负担预计将会增加。本研究的目的是估计这些危险因素的患病率及社会人口统计学预测因素。
在印度一个城市化村庄中，对370名年龄在25至64岁之间的女性进行了一项横断面研究。使用世界卫生组织的“STEPS”工具评估非传染性疾病的危险因素。为确定这些危险因素的社会人口统计学预测因素，采用了二元逻辑回归分析。
发现烟草消费、身体活动不足、水果和蔬菜摄入量不足、超重及肥胖的患病率分别为18.3%、61.6%、96.5%、27.6%和5.9%。发现血压升高、血糖升高及胆固醇升高的比例分别为23%、22%和42%。年龄较大被发现是烟草消费、身体活动不足、血压升高及血糖升高的一个显著预测因素。
当前研究报告了身体活动不足及水果和蔬菜摄入量不足的高患病率，年龄是大多数危险因素的一个显著预测因素。因此，需要制定针对当地需求、以老年女性为目标的项目和政策。
